GGE biplot analysis of genetic variations of 26 potato genotypes in semi-arid regions of Northwest China

Figures & data

Table 1 Agro-climatic characteristics of testing environments in semi-arid regions of Northwest China.

Site	Code	Longitude	Latitude	Altitude (m)	Annual average temperature (°C)	Annual rainfall (mm)
Weiyuan	E1	E 59°42′03″	N 35°06′54.06″	2247	5.8	507
Tianshui	E2	E106°12′12.26″	N 34°59′14.00″	1813	7.0	600
Linxia	E3	E103°11′12.01″	N 35°34′57.36″	1913	6.3	537
Anding	E4	E104°42′27.39″	N 35°37′06.68″	2142	6.3	400
Jingning	E5	E106°00′05.52″	N 35°28′52.32″	1920	7.1	550
Qinchuan	E6	E103°39′57.59″	N 36°31′42.82″	1956	5.9	300
Tanchang	E7	E104°13′40.12″	N 34°13′40.12″	2227	10.0	635

Table 2 Average fresh tuber yields of 26 potato cultivars in each of seven environments during the experiments of 2007–08 and 2009–10 in semi-arid regions in Northwest China. The unit is t ha^-1 for all yields.

			Environment
			Huichuan	Tianshui	Linxia	Anding	Jingning	Qingchuan	Tanchang
Cultivar	Season	Code	E1	E2	E3	E4	E5	E6	E7
T200882	07–08	G1	28.51	28.76	33.66	34.61	22.33	26.96	20.33
CK0708	07–08	G2	36.67	13.16	28.66	33.65	21.08	25.69	17.32
P9862	07–08	G3	11.19	8.55	11.62	10.24	13.92	19.97	8.50
L02277	07–08	G4	28.82	34.17	27.08	35.45	28.71	32.15	20.28
P34126	07–08	G5	15.38	26.01	23.29	34.34	18.42	28.84	17.07
L02066	07–08	G6	28.04	26.36	27.41	33.69	18.50	31.25	21.17
Fu-003	07–08	G7	27.33	18.21	22.13	32.75	21.50	24.39	21.36
L022718	07–08	G8	28.42	33.37	28.89	32.09	26.29	33.28	18.29
P3562	07–08	G9	12.42	12.42	10.78	31.34	18.17	23.38	17.20
P030243	09–10	G10	10.52	7.41	9.37	9.25	23.92	21.18	12.84
T200425	09–10	G11	27.21	17.90	22.99	14.18	26.37	18.23	15.84
TP001	09–10	G12	20.25	20.61	24.77	19.06	22.96	15.48	23.34
CK0910	09–10	G13	18.96	10.10	7.93	13.63	17.87	14.91	10.76
TP002	09–10	G14	21.33	16.42	24.42	19.73	26.42	15.02	24.08
T200234	09–10	G15	22.71	23.26	22.40	22.58	24.67	22.91	15.92
L032313	09–10	G16	22.58	15.53	22.81	14.80	23.42	21.26	22.43
Fu-002	09–10	G17	6.62	5.42	7.78	8.27	8.25	10.63	10.67
P1056	09–10	G18	5.61	4.52	15.48	6.40	6.87	9.60	9.66
L04263	09–10	G19	14.59	16.30	16.95	14.48	22.54	19.96	14.00
P980101	09–10	G20	7.78	6.81	6.21	6.33	14.92	13.79	9.26
L03214	09–10	G21	13.67	14.88	16.89	8.96	16.96	12.64	13.17
TS349	09–10	G22	9.98	6.42	5.34	14.00	11.13	8.85	7.17
P02175200	09–10	G23	25.42	17.22	24.89	17.57	19.38	23.37	19.58
P-Black	09–10	G24	3.68	4.81	5.33	4.41	1.83	1.65	7.41
P02161283	09–10	G25	16.33	12.71	16.01	12.20	15.99	11.79	15.00
TR-001	09–10	G26	13.25	8.91	9.95	14.13	14.47	11.55	15.99

Table 3 Analysis of variance for yields of 26 potato cultivars across seven test environments during the experiments of 2007–08 and 2009–10 in semi-arid regions in Northwest China.

Source	Degree of freedom	Mean square	Total sum of square (%)
Genotype (G)	25	1063.34**	64.14
Environment (E)	6	187.91**	2.72
GE interaction	150	57.01**	20.63

** Denotes significant difference (P < 0.01).

Figure 1 GGE biplot analysis to show yields of different potato genotypes that performed best in different testing environments. E1–7 represent the seven environments and G1–26 represent the 26 potato genotypes. The plot is based on an environment-centred (centre = 2) G by E table without any scaling and transforming of data (scaling = 0, transform = 0), and it is environment-metric preserving (SVP = 2). This plot key applies to all figures in this text.

Figure 2 Ranking of 26 potato genotypes for both yield and stability performance over seven environments during the experiments of 2007–08 and 2009–10 in semi-arid regions in Northwest China. E1–7 represent the seven environments and G1–26 represent the 26 potato genotypes. See Figure 1 caption for plot key.

Figure 3 Seven test environments in relation to the ideal environment (the centre of concentric circles). E1–7 represent the seven environments. ‘g’ is used to show the distribution of genotypes on the GGE biplot graph. See Figure 1 caption for plot key.

Figure 4 Comparison and ranking of 26 genotypes in a specific environment (E4, Anding). ‘e’ is used to show the distribution of environments other than E4 on the GGE biplot graph. G1–26 represent the 26 potato genotypes. See Figure 1 caption for plot key.

Figure 5 Ranking of the mean yield of 26 genotypes relative to the ideal genotype (the centre of concentric circles). G1–26 represent the 26 potato genotypes. ‘e’ is used to show the distribution of environments. See Figure 1 caption for plot key.