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Articles

The inconsistency of immigration policy: the limits of “Top-down” approaches

ORCID Icon &
Pages 2060-2084 | Received 25 Apr 2023, Accepted 19 Sep 2023, Published online: 11 Oct 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. World-wide cumulative changes in immigration control policy (1945–2014).

Figure 1. World-wide cumulative changes in immigration control policy (1945–2014).

Figure 2. Policy changes by policy area for Australia (1945–2014).

Figure 2. Policy changes by policy area for Australia (1945–2014).

Figure 3. Legal entry and stay policies for Australia by target group.

Figure 3. Legal entry and stay policies for Australia by target group.

Figure 4. Ambiguity across DEMIG database countries.

Figure 4. Ambiguity across DEMIG database countries.

Figure 5. Migration policy inconsistency with a 2-year window. Changes in government marked in Red.

Figure 5. Migration policy inconsistency with a 2-year window. Changes in government marked in Red.

Figure 6. Migration policy inconsistency with a 2-year window across DEMIG database countries.

Figure 6. Migration policy inconsistency with a 2-year window across DEMIG database countries.