Hourly variation of green tide in the Yellow Sea during summer 2015 and 2016 using Geostationary Ocean Color Imager data

ABSTRACT

In this study, hourly shift of green tide (GT) in the Yellow Sea (YS) during summer of 2015 and 2016 is investigated using Geostationary Ocean Color Imager-based normalized difference vegetation index images. The GT started blooming around 45 and 8 km away from the coasts in the western parts of the YS during May 2015 and May 2016, respectively. The GT patches shifted northwards during June, and afterwards were spread out into the western and central YS until early July. During those periods, their average speeds were estimated as 1.97 ± 0.80 and 1.51 ± 0.55 km h⁻¹ in 2015 and 2016, respectively. In spite of the significant hourly shift speeds, they did not move much for a day due to frequent direction changes between hours. By July, most of the GT patches dissipated from the YS; however, far apart in Korea Bay and offshore Gyeonggi Bay, Korea, some small short-lived patches were traced during August. GT coverage in 2016 increased considerably than those of 2015 and 2008 by almost 23% and 100%, respectively, which might have facilitated by a 2–3° sea surface temperature rise. This study provides an insight on hourly temporal dynamics which would be helpful for monitoring their changes and distribution.

Acknowledgements

The authors greatly thank to the Operational Oceanography Research Center, KIOST, South Korea for WRF data support. We also acknowledge Dr. Tae-Ho Kim for providing photo snapped at Socheongcho Ocean Research Station. This research was a part of the project titled ‘Development of Korea Operational Oceanographic System (KOOS), Phase 2ʹ, ‘Development of Ship-handling and Passenger Evacuation Support System’, and ‘Construction of Ocean Research Stations and their Application Studies’ funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, Korea.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.