Automated vehicles: exploring possible consequences of government (non)intervention for congestion and accessibility

Figures & data

Table 1. Applicability of interventions.

		Applicability
Category of intervention	Measure	Traffic Flow	Accessibility
Planning/land-use	Zoning, density requirements, bonuses/funding	✓	✓
	Allocate land to sustainable transport links	✓	✓
Regulation/Policy	Ban empty running of AVs	✓	✓
	Provide preferential facilities for high-occupancy AVs	✓	✓
	Targeted parking regulations	✓	✓
	Promotion of interchange between AVs and mass transit	✓	✓
	Require location and timing decisions that favour use of mass transit	✓	✓
	Prioritise welfare of non-users	✓	✓
	Prioritise collective/shared AVs that complement mass transit	✓	✓
Infrastructure/ Technology	Provide high-quality mass transit	✓	✓
	Reduce parking stock	✓	✓
	Provide for walking and cycling	✓	✓
	Limit speed	✓	✓
	Prioritise certain groups through operating model of infrastructure		✓
	Support the centralisation of data and network optimisation through V2V and V2I communication	✓	✓
Service provision	Increase density and/or frequency of mass transit	✓	✓
	Provide priority groups with access to AVs		✓
Economic instruments	Road pricing (conventional or “smart”), parking levies, fuel/energy taxes, purchase taxes	✓	✓
	Subsidised or free AV use for priority groups		✓

Table

Databases	Content
SCOPUS	Largest abstract and citation interdisciplinary database of peer-reviewed literature
TRID	Transport Research International Documentation (TRID) is the largest online bibliographic database of transportation research, includes technical reports and conference proceedings
IBSS	International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) is an essential online resource for social science and interdisciplinary research
ProQuest SOCIAL SCIENCE	ProQuest’s Social Sciences collections provide comprehensive, global indexing coverage of the scholarly literature in the social sciences
PsycINFO	Bibliographic records centred on psychology and the behavioural and social sciences

Table

Keywords	Additional Synonyms
“Driverless car*” OR “Driverless vehicle*” OR “driverless”	“Advanced Driver Assistance System*”
“self-driv* car*” OR “self-driv* vehicle*” OR “self driv* car*” OR “self driv* vehicle*”	“Auto-pilot vehicle*”
“automated car*” OR “automated vehicle*” OR “automated car*” OR “automated vehicle*”	“Driverless automobile*”
	“self-driv* automobile*”
	“automated automobile*”
	“automated automobile*”
	robot* car*, robot* vehicle*
	self-piloted car*, self-piloted vehicle*
	Automated Road Transport
	“Automatic vehicle*” OR “Automatic car*”
	“Cybercar*”
	“auto* driving”
	“Google car”

Table

Screening	Hits
Across Databases and Categories	50200
Pre-selection based on Category	2236
Final selection from bibliographic databases	248
Final selection from Grey Literature	181