A social-emotional pathway to promoting math self-concept: the moderating role of sex

Abstract

Guided by the school climate and social-emotional learning literature, this study explored math self-concept in relation to student-teacher relationships and students’ sense of school belonging while accounting for sex differences. Participants included two random subsamples (Ns = 532; 558) of 15-year-old Canadian students who participated in the 2012 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Results indicated that while student-teacher relationships were positively associated with math self-concept among boys, sense of school belonging was positively associated with math self-concept among girls. Moderated mediation analyses indicated that the indirect association between student-teacher relationships and math self-concept via the sense of school belonging was significant only among girls; the total effects model was only significant among boys. These findings were evidenced in both subsamples. Findings suggest the importance to not only enhance student-teacher relationships and students’ sense of school belonging, but also to recognize how intervention efforts might vary depending on students’ sex.

Keywords:

• Student-teacher relationships
• sense of school belonging
• math self-concept
• school climate
• social-emotional learning

Acknowledgements

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.