Factors associated with men’s participation in postpartum family planning: a study of Kiswa Health Centre III, Kampala, Uganda

Figures & data

Table 1. Individual factors associated with family planning.

	Men’s participation in FP
Variable	No 74(20.0)	Yes 297(80.0)	COR(95% CI)	P-values
Age of study respondents (years)
20–29	13(14.6)	76(85.4)
30–30	19(15.7)	102(84.3)	0.92(0.43–1.97)	0.83
40–49	13(18.6)	57(81.4)	0.75(0.32–1.74)	0.50
50+	29(31.9)	62(68.1)	0.37(0.18–0.76)	0.007*
Age of spouse (years)
18–29	23(12.5)	161(87.5)
30–39	27(23.9)	86(76.1)	0.46(0.25–0.84)	0.01*
40+	24(32.4)	50(67.6)	0.30(0.15–0.57)	0.00*
Number of children
0–1	15(16.0)	79(84.0)
2–4	30(14.6)	176(85.4)	1.11(0.57–2.19)	0.75
5+	29(40.9)	42(59.1)	0.27(0.13–0.57)	0.001*
Number of children expected
2–4	29(14.3)	174(85.7)
5+	45(26.8)	123(73.2)	0.46(0.27–0.77)	0.003*
Spouse’s education level
Primary	35(28.0)	90(72.0)
Secondary	23(13.4)	149(86.6)	2.52(1.40–4.53)	0.002*
Tertiary	16(21.6)	58(78.4)	1.41(0.72–2.78)	0.32
Spouse’ occupation
Business	30(15.8)	160(84.2)
Civil servant	12(22.6)	41(77.4)	0.64(0.30–1.36)	0.25
Peasant	32(25.0)	96(75.0)	0.56(0.32–0.98)	0.04*
Marital status
Co-habiting	26(15.6)	141(84.4)
Divorced	3(25.0)	9(75.0)	0.55(0.14–2.18)	0.40
Married	45(23.4)	147(76.6)	0.60(0.35–1.03)	0.06
Respondent’s religion
Anglican	18(17.8)	83(82.2)
Born again	17(23.9)	54(76.1)	0.69(0.33–1.45)	0.33
Catholic	31(21.0)	117(79.0)	0.82(0.43–1.56)	0.54
Muslim	8(15.7)	43(84.3)	1.17(0.47–2.90)	0.74
Respondent’s tribe
Luo	4(11.4)	31(88.6)
Muganda	15(18.5)	66(81.5)	0.57(0.17–1.85)	0.35
Munyankole	11(19.3)	46(80.7)	0.54(0.16–1.85)	0.33
Musoga	8(14.8)	46(85.2)	0.74(0.21–2.68)	0.65
*Other	36(25.0)	108(75.0)	0.39(0.13–1.17)	0.09
Respondent’s educ level
Primary	24(35.8)	43(64.2)
Secondary	30(21.0)	113(79.0)	2.10(1.11–4.00)	0.02*
Tertiary	20(12.4)	141(87.6)	3.93(1.98–7.80)	0.000*
Knows FP
No	40(87.0)	6(13.0)
Yes	34(10.5)	291(89.5)	57.1(22.5–144.4)	0.00*
Source of information
Health worker	4(3.2)	122(96.8)
Newspaper/parent/radio	5(5.9)	80(94.1)	0.52(0.14–2.01)	0.35
television	25(21.9)	89(78.1)	0.12(0.04–0.35)	0.000*
Too many children strain family
Agree	54(17.2)	260(82.8)
Disagree	20(35.1)	37(64.9)	0.38(0.21–0.71)	0.002*
Condom use doesn’t decrease sexual pleasure
Agree	36(11.5)	276(88.5)
disagree	38(64.4)	21(35.6)	0.07(0.38–1.14)	0.08

*Statistically significant P value < 0.05.

Table 2. Socio-cultural factors associated with men’s participation in family planning.

	Men’s Participation in FP
Variable	No 74(20.0)	Yes 297(80.0)	COR(95% CI)	P-values
Discuss about FP with spouse
No	55(79.7)	14(20.3)
Yes	19(6.3)	283(93.7)	58.5(27.7–123.7)	0.00*
Decision maker
Both	53(20.0)	212(80.0)
Wife	6(15.0)	34(85.0)	1.42(0.57–3.55)	0.46
Myself	15(22.7)	51(77.3)	0.85(0.44–1.63)	0.62
Encouraged spouse to use FP
No	68(64.8)	37(35.2)
Yes	6(2.3)	260(97.7)	79.6(32.3–196.5)	0.00*
Approved FP use in family
No	69(75.0)	23(25.0)
Yes	5(1.8)	274(98.2)	164.4(60.32–448.0)	0.00*
Religion determines FP
No	50(19.1)	212(80.9)
Yes	24(22.0)	85(78.0)	0.84(0.48–1.44)	0.52
Culture determines FP
No	60(20.4)	234(79.6)
Yes	14(18.2)	63(81.8)	1.15(0.61–2.20)	0.66

*Statistically significant P value < 0.05.

Table 3. Health systems factors associated with men’s participation in family planning.

	Men’s participation in FP
	No 74(20.0)	Yes 297(80.0)
Variable		Health system factors	COR(95% CI)	P value
Distance from home to facility
<500 metres	51(22.9)	172(77.1)
>500 metres	23(15.5)	125(84.5)	1.61(0.94–2.78)	0.09
FP services at facility are free
No	19(42.2)	26(57.8)
Yes	55(16.9)	271(83.1)	3.60(1.86–6.96)	0.00*
FP services are affordable
No	6(50.0)	6(50.0)
Yes	68(18.9)	291(81.1)	4.28(1.34–13.68)	0.01*
FP services are always available
No	27(58.7)	19(41.3)
Yes	47(14.5)	278(85.5)	8.41(4.33–16.32)	0.00*
FP service provider at the facility
HW	66(18.3)	294(81.7)
VHT	8(72.7)	3(27.3)	0.08(0.02–0.33)	0.00*
FP service provider gender
Female	67(21.3)	248(78.7)
Male	7(12.5)	49(87.5)	1.89(0.82–4.37)	0.14
Gender comfortable with
Female	56(20.4)	218(79.6)
Male	18(18.6)	79(81.4)	1.13(0.62–2.03)	0.69
FP provider is ever rude
No	50(17.8)	231(82.2)
Yes	24(26.7)	66(73.3)	0.60(0.34–1.04)	0.07

*Statistically significant P value < 0.05.

Table A1. Multivariable regression analysis of the factors associated with male involvement in family planning.

Variable	Male involvement in FP		Adj OR(95% CI)	Adj P value
	No74(20.0)	Yes297(80.0)
	Individual factors
Age of study respondent (years)
20–29	13(14.6)	76(85.4)
30–30	19(15.7)	102(84.3)	0.49(0.03–7.49)	0.61
40–49	13(18.6)	57(81.4)	0.09(0.00–4.32)	0.23
50+	29(31.9)	62(68.1)	0.07(0.00–3.89)	0.20
Age of spouse (years)
18–29	23(12.5)	161(87.5)
30–39	27(23.9)	86(76.1)	0.92(0.12–6.99)	0.94
40+	24(32.4)	50(67.6)	8.41(0.41–171.9)	0.17
Number of children
0–1	15(16.0)	79(84.0)
2–4	30(14.6)	176(85.4)	0.81(0.06–10.28)	0.87
5+	29(40.9)	42(59.1)	4.59(0.10–20.5)	0.43
Number of children expected
2–4	29(14.3)	174(85.7)
5+	45(26.8)	123(73.2)	0.67(0.10–4.54)	0.67
Spouse’s educ level
Primary	35(28.0)	90(72.0)
Secondary	23(13.4)	149(86.6)	2.46(0.27–22.6)	0.43
Tertiary	16(21.6)	58(78.4)	0.44(0.04–5.54)	0.53
Spouse’ occupation
Business	30(15.8)	160(84.2)
Civil servant	12(22.6)	41(77.4)	0.23(0.02–2.60)	0.24
Peasant	32(25.0)	96(75.0)	1.87(0.25–14.03)	0.54
Respondent’s educ level
Primary	24(35.8)	43(64.2)
Secondary	30(21.0)	113(79.0)	2.89(0.38–22.3)	0.31
Tertiary	20(12.4)	141(87.6)	2.08(0.22–19.74)	0.52
	Socio-cultural factors
Discuss about FP with spouse
No	55(79.7)	14(20.3)
Yes	19(6.3)	283(93.7)	2.08(0.24–18.0)	0.51
Encouraged spouse to use FP
No	68(64.8)	37(35.2)
Yes	6(2.3)	260(97.7)	1.70(0.12–24.66)	0.70
Approved FP use in family
No	69(75.0)	23(25.0)
Yes	5(1.8)	274(98.2)	16.5(10.65–25.6)	0.00*
Know FP
No	40(87.0)	6(13.0)
Yes	34(10.5)	291(89.5)	3.65(1.76–8.54)	0.04*
Source of info
Health worker	4(3.2)	122(96.8)
Newspaper/parent/radio	5(5.9)	80(94.1)	0.42(0.04–4.14)	0.46
Television	25(21.9)	89(78.1)	0.07(0.01–0.66)	0.02*
Too many children strain family
Agree	54(17.2)	260(82.8)
Disagree	20(35.1)	37(64.9)	1.27(0.11–14.6)	0.85
	Health system factors
FP services at facility are free
No	19(42.2)	26(57.8)
Yes	55(16.9)	271(83.1)	1.02(0.14–7.56)	0.99
FP services are affordable
No	6(50.0)	6(50.0)
Yes	68(18.9)	291(81.1)	4.37(0.16–11.88)	0.38
FP services are always available
No	27(58.7)	19(41.3)
Yes	47(14.5)	278(85.5)	3.39(0.48–23.95)	0.22
FP service provider at the facility
HW	66(18.3)	294(81.7)
VHT	8(72.7)	3(27.3)	0.09(0.00–6.510)	0.27

*Statistically significant Adj. P value < 0.05.

Data availability statement

Dataset related to this study is available with the corresponding author and can be availed on reasonable request.