Same same but different: dynamics of a pre-procurement routine and its influence on relational contracting models

Figures & data

Figure 1. Organisational chart of the STA. Departments included in the study are coloured in grey.

An image of the organisational structure of the Swedish Transport Administration. The figure shows the central and operational departments and the project level. The Purchasing and Logistics department and the projects are coloured grey.

Table 1. Summary and description of case data.

Type of data	Description	Sources
Interviews	Transcripts and initial notes from semi-structured interviews with project program members as well as officials at the purchasing department.	29 interviews (24 individual participants)
Documents	Documents from project and central levels: procurement policy (TDOK 2010:119) organisational procurement strategy and formal procurement routines (TDOK 2016:0199), ECI framework (TDOK 2016:0233), project program procurement strategy, contract documents, contracts (consultancy contracts, collaboration contracts and design build contracts), relevant presentations to external audiences, and meeting minutes for collaboration meetings.	>500 pages
Observations	Field notes from occasional visits to the projects (2017–2019). Observations include a collaboration meeting, a visit to visual design studio, informal conversations in connection with interviews, and attendance at an educational workshop on the new procurement strategy (held January 2019).	51 hours of observation

Table 2. Interviews in the client organisation.

Project/dep	Abbreviation	Description of respondent	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
ECI 1 & 2	ECI12A	Program Manager	x	x
	ECI12B	Procurement Officer	x
	ECI12C	Head of Economy and Staff	x
ECI 1	ECI1A	Project Manager	x
	ECI1B	Assistant Project Manager	x	x
	ECI1C	Previous Assistant Project Manager	x
ECI 2	ECI2A	Project Manager	x	x
ECI 3	ECI3A	Previous Project Manager		x
	ECI3B	Project Manager			x
ECI 4	ECI4A	Project Manager	x x*		x
	ECI4B	Procurement Officer	x x*
	ECI4C	Assistant Project Manager	x*
	ECI4D	Assistant Project Manager	x*
ECI 5	ECI5A	Previous Project Manager			x
	ECI5B	Assistant Project Manager			x*
	ECI5C	Procurement Officer			x*
ECI 6	ECI6A	Project Manager			x
	ECI6B	Assistant Project Manager				x
ECI 7	ECI7A	Program Manager			x
	ECI7B	Project Manager			x	x
	ECI7C	Procurement Officer			x
P&L dep.	P&LA	Strategist (responsible for ECI framework)	x*			x	xx
	P&LB	Procurement Officer (active in developing ECI framework)	x*
Major Projects dep.	MPA	Head of Department, Major Projects					x
*Group interview						Total = 29 interviews

Figure 2. Analytical categorisation and coding structure.

A figure including all the first-order constructs, second-order themes, and aggregated dimensions of the analysis.

Table

Contract (procured)	Description of project	Approx. budget for contract	Contract scheme	Reward system	Award criteria
ECI 1 (2015)	Railroad in dense urban area	350 MEUR	Consultancy + Design Build (DB) contract	Open book + fee 7% (bid) Incentive against target price	Collaboration competence Execution Stage 1 Execution Stage 2
ECI 2 (2016)	Railroad in dense urban area	400 MEUR	Consultancy + DB contract	Open book + fee 7% (bid), Incentive against target price	Collaboration competence Execution Stage 1 Execution Stage 2
ECI 3 (2016)	Road, new section	20 MEUR	DB contract	Open book against fixed and variable costs in contract (equal to 11% fee)	Organisation, project routines and process Proposed collaboration Conflict resolution Managing time, cost and quality Process to agree on target price Describe three critical areas in the project and how these are managed Structured learning Contractor and technical consultant qualifications
ECI 4 (2016)	Railroads in partially urban areas	200 MEUR	DB contract	Open book + fee (fixed at 9%), incentive against target price (bid)	Collaboration Organisational structure Execution design Execution production Production (first segment) Work health and safety
ECI 5 (2017)	Railroad tunnel in urban area	250 MEUR	DB contract	Open book + fee 8% (bid), incentive against target price	Collaboration competence Execution Stage 1 Execution Stage 2
ECI 6 (2018)	Road, highway in dense urban area	250 MEUR	DB contract	Open book + fee 8% (bid), no target price	Cooperation and communication Collaboration Quality: management Quality: execution
ECI 7 (2018)	Railroad in dense urban area	500 MEUR	Consultancy + DB contract	Open book + fee 8%, incentive against target price	Organisation and competence Environmental impact Collaboration and communication Safety Technical development

Trafikverket., 2010. Upphandlingspolicy, TDOK 2010:119.

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Trafikverket., 2016. Riktlinje Kontraktsmodell Samverkan Hög, TDOK 2016:0199.

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Trafikverket., 2016. Affärsstrategi för entreprenader och tekniska konsulter, TDOK 2016:0233.

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