Modelling user reactions expressed through graphical widgets in intelligent interactive systems

ABSTRACT

Nowadays, most interactive social systems allow users to react to their contents and exploit user reactions to provide intelligent behaviours, such as adaptation or recommendation. Therefore, carefully understanding and designing the user/system dialogue that revolves around reaction provisioning is a crucial aspect. In this paper, we introduce the UpRISEmodel with the aim of formally describing the user/system interaction while providing and using reactions. Then, we show how this model can be used to formally represent and describe interactive social systems that collect user reactions, as well as to compare them. In addition, we exemplify how the UpRISEmodel can provide a sort of checklist that stimulates system designers to approach design/redesign tasks involving user reactions in a thorough and well-structured manner, suggesting all the possibly relevant points with respect to different usability and performance-related goals. This approach can be seen as the first step towards more transparency in the design of intelligent interactive systems.

KEYWORDS:

• Interaction design
• user interface
• reactions model
• intelligent interactive systems

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1 https://www.netflix.com/

2 http://facebook.com/

3 https://www.youtube.com

4 https://www.amazon.com/

5 https://www.w3.org/community/uad/wiki/Cameleon_Reference_Framework

6 In our examples, we will assume that users are currently viewing the ‘product review page’, where all the relevant widgets are available

7 Note that in both cases we will not provide the exact description of the actor ‘User’, but rather discuss how the features of a given system can target certain types of users. The reason behind this choice is the fact that it is very difficult -from an external point of view- to describe the typical user of a system.

8 https://www.gdpr.net/