Classroom architecture and the gaze. Beyond the Panopticon

Figures & data

Figure 1. Photo by Marykeiran of the south facade of the Hillside Home School in Wisconsin by architect, Frank Lloyd Wright. Creative Commons: CC BY-SA 4.0.

Figure 2. Standard classrooms. Perkins’ Back of classroom. Chokai Junior High School. Akita, Japan. Creative Commons: CC-BY-3.0.

Figure 3. Contemporary classroom design. Source: TES (2020). Accessed 12 June 2020. https://www.tes.com/lessons/nneBICK-otGHfw/classroom-redesign-challenge.

Figure 4. English elementary and junior school plans from early twentieth century. Source: Steadman and Mitchell (2010, p. 214).

Figure 5. Bentham’s 1843 Panopticon blueprint, reprinted in Foucault’s Discipline and Punish (1991).

TES. (2020). Classroom redesign challenge. Retrieved 12 June 2020. https://www.tes.com/lessons/nneBICK-otGHfw/classroom-redesign-challenge.

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Steadman, P., & Mitchell, L. J. (2010). Architectural morphospace: Mapping worlds of built forms. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 37, 197–220.

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Foucault, M. (1991). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. London: Penguin Books.

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