Determinants of Recreational Outcomes in Schizophrenia: An Exploratory Study Focusing on Gender Differences

Abstract

While recreation is impactful for recovery in schizophrenia, no study has examined the effects of schizophrenic symptoms on recreational outcomes. This study examined the determinants of recreational outcomes based on gender. We investigated the relationship between recreational outcomes, positive and negative symptoms, cognitive function, and factors such as negative self-evaluation and evaluation by others. Motivation had a significant impact on both men and women. However, participation in recreational activities was impacted by negative self-assessment for men and evaluations from others for women. The importance of matching strategies based on gender when using recreation therapeutically was emphasized.

Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Taniguchi and Dr. Hirano of the International University of Health and Welfare for their cooperation and support to conduct this study. We would also like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.

Disclosure of interest

No potential competing interest was reported by the author.

Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are restricted by the Institutional Review Board of the International University of Health and Welfare in order to protect patient privacy. Data are available from the corresponding author for researchers who meet the criteria for access to confidential data.