Dietary Inflammatory Index and Breast Cancer: report from a Large-Scale Case-Control Study

Abstract

Objective:

The relationship between diet, including its inflammatory potential, and breast cancer has led to inconsistent results. We investigated the association between a dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the odds of breast cancer in a large case-control study among women.

Methods:

This case-control study was carried out on 412 women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer and 456 apparently healthy controls. DII scores were calculated from dietary intake data. Multi-variable adjusted logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios for breast cancer across quartiles of DII.

Results:

A total participants aged 45 ± 10.8 years were included in the present study. After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals in the highest quartile of DII scores had 1.5 times higher odds of breast cancer than those with the lowest (OR= 1.56; 95%CI: 1.04–2.35, P_trend=0.02). Premenopausal women with the greatest DII had higher odds for breast cancer, compared with those with the lowest DII (OR= 1.92; 95% CI: 1.14–3.25, P_trend=0.01). No significant association was seen between DII and odds of breast cancer in postmenopausal women.

Conclusion:

Dietary inflammatory index might be directly associated with odds of breast cancer particularly in premenopausal women. Prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Acknowledgments

We would like to express our special thanks to the participants, without whom the study would not have been possible

Availability of Supporting Data

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Consent for Publication

There is no personal information regarding any patients in our article.

Disclosure Statement

None of the authors declared any conflicts of interest.

Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate

This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving human subjects/patients were approved by the Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects/patients

Additional information

Funding

This study was financially supported by the Cancer Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (no. 93-03-51-27113).