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ABSTRACT
The article builds on previous work by Roman and colleagues in order to specify the potential causes for increased incidents of violent assault in areas featuring a high number of prosocial institutions (i.e., schools, recreation centers). Utilizing aspects of routine activity theory and crime pattern theory, the argument is presented that both poverty and youth population will have a conditioning impact on the relationship between the presence of prosocial places and incidence of violent assault. Least squares regression was utilized in order to show that such institutions can serve as generators for offending and/or victimization, and that their location in lower income areas may magnify the problem.
Notes
1 Some examples are white-collar offenses, organized criminal activity, and sexual trafficking.
2 Common nodes for adults include their home, workplace, grocery stores, fitness centers, parks, and homes of acquaintances.
3 While the available literature does not include an exhaustive list of these nodes, the following works were useful in constructing the one given: (Pollock, Joo, and Lawton Citation2010; Roman et al. Citation2008; Weisburd, Morris, and Groff Citation2009).
4 The authors analyzed the effects of both on-premise institutions and stores that sold alcoholic beverages to go on three forms of crime: Aggravated assault, disorderly conduct, and domestic abuse. Aggravated assault rates were found to be higher in areas with a high density of on-premise establishments, especially taverns. Off-premise stores are strongly associated with calls for service regarding incidents of domestic abuse. Both were found to be correlated with disorderly conduct.
5 More information can be obtained by going to the following site: www.icpsr.umich.edu
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Dustin Osborne
DUSTIN OSBORNE earned his Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Louisville Department of Justice Administration. His research interests include rural criminology and crime prevention.
Eric S. McCord
ERIC S. MCCORD is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Justice Administration at the University of Louisville. He holds a Ph.D. in criminal justice from Temple University. His research centers on the spatial analysis of crime and environmental crime prevention.
George E. Higgins
GEORGE E. HIGGINS is a Professor in the Department of Justice Administration at the University of Louisville. He received his Ph.D. in Criminology from Indiana University of Pennsylvania in 2001. He is the current Editor of the Journal of Criminal Justice Education. His most recent publications appear or are forthcoming in Journal of Criminal Justice, Criminal Justice and Behavior, Justice Quarterly, Deviant Behavior, and Youth and Society.