Non-controlled, open-label trial to assess clinical and immunological parameters in atopic dogs feeding monoprotein grain free diet versus a standard grain diet

Figures & data

Table 1. Composition of the diets used in the experiment.

Diet A	Percentage	Diet B	Percentage
Rice + tapioca starch	36	Fresh salmon	40
Fresh salmon	20	Pea starches	29
Dehydrated poultry proteins	18	Salmon meal	12
Corn vegetable proteins	13	Pea vegetable proteins	10
Beer yeast	1.5	Vegetables and fruits	0.12
Aloe vera	0.03	Aromatic herbs (Thymus vulgaris, Ocimum basilicium, Zingiber officinalis, St. William’s wort, Rosmarinus officinalis)	0.05
Crude protein	26	Crude protein	27
Crude fat	16	Crude fat	17
Crude fibre	2.5	Crude fibre	3
Raw ash	7.5	Raw ash	7

Table 2. Effect of two diets consuming over time on CADESI-4 and PVAS in dogs with atopic dermatitis.

		T0	T30	Percentage reduction (%)	p Value^§
CADESI-4	Diet A	39 ± 42	23 ± 28	41	0.009
	Diet B	35 ± 43	12.5 ± 12	64.3	0.040
	p Value*	0.653	0.319
PVAS	Diet A	5.8 ± 2.7	3.3 ± 1.8	43	0.000
	Diet B	4.7 ± 2.7	4.5 ± 2.4	4.2	0.811
	p Value	0.349	0.131

^§ Comparison over time for each diet is shown in the rows; *Comparison between groups (Diet A, Diet B) for each time is shown in the columns. Data are means ± SD.

Table 3. Percentage (%) and concentration (µl) of T cells subsets analysed by imaging flow cytometry in the peripheral blood from dogs with atopic dermatitis consuming different diets over time.

		T0	T30	p Value^§
Lymphocytes (µl)	Diet A	1659 ± 1032	1621 ± 1295	0.359
	Diet B	1575 ± 1394	1522 ± 615	0.397
	p Value	0.095	0.501
CD4^+ (%)	Diet A	47.8 ± 11.1	53.1 ± 9.5	0.074
	Diet B	45.2 ± 15.9	51.7 ± 10.4	0.411
	p Value	0.736	0.691
CD8^+ (%)	Diet A	24.4 ± 16.6	25.1 ± 14.1	0.373
	Diet B	24.3 ± 14.4	31.7 ± 19.4	0.423
	p Value	0.819	0.368
CD4^+ (µl)	Diet A	736 ± 348	943 ± 856	0.644
	Diet B	577 ± 266	774 ± 325	0.233
	p Value	0.322	0.917
CD8^+ (µl)	Diet A	342 ± 267	419 ± 318	0.706
	Diet B	294 ± 200	509 ± 436	0.332
	p Value	0.332	0.431
Ratio CD4^+/CD8^+	Diet A	2.95 ± 1.88	2.83 ± 1.36	0.878
	Diet B	2.50 ± 0.98	2.41 ± 1.4	0.611
	p Value	0.812	0.233

^§ Comparison over time is shown in the rows for each diet; *Comparison between groups (Diet A, Diet B) for each time are shown in the columns. Data are means ± SD.

Table 4. Serum changes in the concentrations of cytokines analysed by ELISA tests in dogs with atopic dermatitis consuming different diets over time.

		T0	T30	p Value^§
IL-31 (pg/ml)	Diet A	249 ± 123	179 ± 133	0.002
	Diet B	200 ± 102	153 ± 76	0.567
	p Value*	0.351	0.794
IL-34 (pg/ml)	Diet A	145 ± 72	143 ± 84	0.635
	Diet B	127 ± 55	132 ± 54	0.911
	p Value	0.531	0.95
TNF-α (pg/ml)	Diet A	15.7 ± 12.3	13.6 ± 10.2	0.305
	Diet B	10.5 ± 7.3	10.3 ± 4.8	0.732
	p Value	0.223	0.905
IL-10 (pg/ml)	Diet A	63.6 ± 3.7	94.7 ± 36.5	0.024
	Diet B	69 ± 10.2	77.7 ± 31.5	0.999
	p Value	0.429	0.398

^§ Comparison over time for each diet is shown in the rows; *Comparison between groups (Diet A, Diet B) for each time is shown in the columns. Data are means ± SD.