Molecular findings and virological assessment of bladder papillomavirus infection in cattle

Figures & data

Figure 1. Percentages of single BPV DNA detection found in the 52 bladder tumors using ddPCR. The prevalence of BPV13 and BPV14 appeared to be significant (*) in this series of bladder tumors in comparison with BPV1 being p ≤ 0.05.

Figure 2. Percentages of single OaPV DNA detection found in the 45 positive samples. Significant prevalence of OaPV1, OaPV2, and OaPV3(***) in this series of bladder tumors compared to OaPV4 being p ≤ 0.001.

Figure 3. (A) WB analysis performed on healthy and pathological bladders of total and phosphorylated PDGFβR, E₂F_3, calpain 1 and calpain 2. *Expression of proteins in healthy bladders as control; **expression in bladders infected by BPVs only; lines signed by 1–10: expression in bladders tumors infected both by BPVs and OaPVs. (B–C) Significant overexpression of total and phosphorylated PDGFβR in infected bladders as shown by densitometric analysis. (D) Significant overexpression of calpain 1 in infected bladders as shown by densitometric analysis. (E) Significant overexpression of E₂F₃ in infected bladders as shown by densitometric analysis. (F) Densitometric analysis showed no significant variation of calpain 2 expression in pathological bladders compared to healthy bladders.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request