Static and Dynamic Pupillary Responses in Patients with Different Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate pupillary involvement in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to evaluate whether there is a relationship between severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and pupillary responses. The study included 133 individuals in four groups: proliferative DR, non-proliferative DR, DM group without retinal involvement and a control group. Static pupillometry measurements including scotopic pupil diameter (PD), mesopic PD, low photopic PD, high photopic PD, and dynamic pupillometry measurements, including resting diameter, amplitude, latency, velocity, duration of pupil contraction and latency, duration, and velocity of pupil dilatation were taken using an automated quantitative pupillometry system. The correlations between glycosylated haemoglobin values and duration of DM with these parameters were also investigated. The study showed that patients with DR may also have diabetic autonomic neuropathy and pupillometry can be a useful screening tool for detecting diabetic autonomic neuropathy.

KEYWORDS:

• Diabetes mellitus
• diabetic retinopathy
• dynamic pupillometry
• pupil diameter
• static pupillometry

Declaration of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest and have no proprietary interest in any of the materials mentioned in this article. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Ethic Committee approval

The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Board of the Ethics Committee (E-17-1542).

Additional information

Funding

There is no funding for this study.