The impact of laparoscopic surgery on the symptoms and wellbeing of patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis and bowel involvement

Abstract

Background

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the symptoms and wellbeing of patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal resection for deep endometriosis infiltrating the rectum and/or colon in a single reference center.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey based on a structured questionnaire. All patients underwent laparoscopic discoid resection, segmental resection or shaving for deep endometriosis in a single reference center between October 2014 and October 2019. The following topics were addressed: symptoms related to endometriosis, fertility, disease recurrence and quality of life. The Institutional Review Board approved the study and signed informed consent was required before enrollment.

Results

A total of 77 of 160 (48.1%) subjects agreed to answer the questionnaire and were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 36.4 years (range, 24–54 years), and 45.5% of the patients had previously undergone surgery for deep endometriosis. Complete resolution of abdominal pain was observed in 48.1% of subjects after surgery. Pelvic pain was rated on a scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) before and after the procedure. In this evaluation, mean pain scores were reduced after surgery (9.21 ± 1.53 × 3.99 ± 3.14; p < .001). Other positive aspects reported by interviewees were increased willingness to perform daily activities (66.2%), increased physical activity (70.1%), better work performance (72.7%), improved dyspareunia (77.9%) and increased sexual activity (71.4%). Some negative aspects reported after surgery were straining at stool (35.1%), nocturia (24.7%), liquid-feces incontinence (13%), mild urinary incontinence (13%), urinary urgency (11.7%) and flatus incontinence (7.8%). Regarding pregnancy, 59% of patients tried to conceive after surgery, and the success rate was 28.2% (46.2% spontaneous and 53.8% after in vitro fertilization or insemination).

Conclusions

Laparoscopic surgery was associated with pain reduction and improved general wellbeing in patients diagnosed with deep endometriosis and bowel involvement.

Keywords:

• Endometriosis
• deep-infiltrating endometriosis
• colorectal surgery
• laparoscopy
• psychological wellbeing

Author contributions

RSP: study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, and manuscript writing; HPC: data collection; MRF: data analysis and interpretation, statistical analysis; FPV: data interpretation; JVCZ: data interpretation; JJRR: Critical revising; OF: Critical revising. All authors contributed to the analysis and interpretation of data, revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content, granted final approval of the version to be published and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).