Experiences of communication in women with endometriosis: perceived validation and invalidation in different contexts, and associations with health-related quality of life

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of experienced validating communication in three contexts (n = 407).

	M	Sd	F (df)	η^2
Validating communication (VRS)
Healthcare providers (HCP)	18.27	9.74
Employers (E)	20.92	9.30
Close family & friends (CFF)	25.84	7.73
			105.7 (2, 812)***	.21

Note: VRS-HCP, VRS-E, and VRS-CFF, 0-36, *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.

Table 2. Comparison of experienced invalidating communication in three different contexts (n = 404).

	M	Sd	F (df)	η^2
Invalidating communication (IRS)
Healthcare providers (HCP)	7.81	5.32
Employers (E)	5.30	4.77
Close family & friends (CFF)	4.71	4.20
			72.41 (2, 806)***	.15

Note: IRS-HCP, IRS-E, and IRS-CFF, 0-20, *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.

Table 3. Correlations between the constructs of the study.

Variable	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6
1. (In)validation (VIRS-HCP): Healthcare providers	30.66	14.62	–	.31***	.22***	−.36***	−.31***	−.28***
2. (In)validation (VIRS-E): Employers	35.59	13.22		–	.43***	−.32***	−.32***	−.24***
3. (In)validation (VIRS-CFF): Close family & friends	41.23	11.45			–	−.34***	−.31***	−.24***
4. Health-related quality of life (EHP-30)	57.08	17.67				–	.66***	.55***
5. Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9)	12.00	6.69					–	.73***
6. Anxiety symptoms (GAD-7)	8.46	5.53						–

Note: VIRS-HCP, VIRS-E, and VIRS-CFF, 0-56; EHP30, 0-100; PHQ-9, 0-27; GAD-7, 0-21; *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001.

Table 4. Multiple regression exploring the predictive value of depressive symptoms, anxiety and (in)validating communication in three contexts on endometriosis health-related quality of life.

Model	R2	b	SE	β	p	CI (95%)
Step 1
Intercept		36.14	1.33
Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9)		1.22	0.15	.47	<.001	1.13, 1.70
Anxiety symptoms (GAD-7)		0.53	0.18	.17	.003	0.18, 0.88
	.46
Step 2
Intercept		52.30	3.45
Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9)		1.22	0.15	.47	<.001	0.93, 1.51
Anxiety symptoms (GAD-7)		0.48	0.17	.15	.006	0.14, 0.81
(In)validation (VIRS):
Healthcare providers (HCP)		−0.17	0.05	−0.15	<.001	−0.26, −0.08
Employers (E)		−0.04	0.06	−0.03	.525, NS	−0.14, 0.07
Close family & friends (CFF)		−0.17	0.06	−0.11	.007	−0.29, −0.05
	.50

NS: not significant.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, HG, upon reasonable request.