Effect of social support on fetal movement self-monitoring behavior in Chinese women: a moderated mediation model of health beliefs

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographically characteristics of the sample (n = 200).

Characteristic	N (%)
Age (years)
18–35	189(94.5%)
>35	11(5.5%)
Residence
Rural	70(35%)
City	130(65%)
Highest degree
Other	11(5.5%)
High school	53(26.5%)
Bachelor degree	109(54.5%)
Master degree	27(13.5%)
Monthly household income
<3000	9(4.5%)
3000–5999	48(24%)
6000–10,000	93(46.5%)
>10,000	50(25%)
Occupation
Unemployed	24(12%)
Related to medicine	20(10%)
Unrelated to medicine	156(78%)
Birth experience
Never	131(65.5%)
Spontaneous abortion	16(8%)
Induced abortion	10(5%)
Have given birth	43(21.5%)
High-risk pregnancy
No	178(89%)
Yes	22(11%)
Receive health education
Yes	156(78%)
No	44(22%)
Use assistive tools to monitor fetal movement
Yes	22(11%)
No	178(89%)
Mode of fetal movement counting
12-h Fetal movement count method	168(84%)
Count-10 method	32(16%)

Note: Monthly household income (Chinese Yuan).

Table 2. Social support, health beliefs, and fetal movement self-monitoring of subjects.

Contents	Mean ± SD	Total
Social support	42.98 ± 11.65	66
Objective support	24.13 ± 5.71	31
Subjective support	10.48 ± 3.89	23
Support utilization	8.38 ± 2.24	12
Health beliefs	78.605 ± 13.73	105
Subjective norm	15.64 ± 2.65	20
Perceptual behavioral control	27.35 ± 3.29	35
Positive attitude	15.65 ± 2.65	20
Negative attitude	8.73 ± 3.27	15
Disease threat perception	11.25 ± 2.24	15
Fetal movement self-monitoring	11.635 ± 2.86	18

Table 3. Correlations between social support, health beliefs and fetal movement self-monitoring.

	Fetal movement self-monitoring	Social support	Health beliefs
Fetal movement self-monitoring	1.000	–	–
Social support	0.978***	1.000	–
Health beliefs	0.974***	0.987***	1.000

Note: ***p<0.001.

Figure 1. The final model and standardized model paths.

Table 4. Regression analysis of the relationship between variables in the mediation model.

Variable	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	β	t	β	t	β	t
Social support	0.24	66.05***	1.16	85.33***	0.15	7.15***
Health beliefs					0.07	4.06
R^2	0.96		0.97		0.96
F	4362.18***		7281.95***		2360.08***

(1) Each variable in the model is brought into the regression equation with standardized variables. (2) Model 1 – compliance of social support prediction behavior; Model 2 – social support predicts health beliefs; Model 3 – social support and health beliefs co-predict fetal movement self-monitoring. *** p<0.001

Table 5. Mediating effects of health beliefs.

Section	Effect	S.E.	Bootstrap 95% CI		Ratio of total effect
			LLCI	ULCI	37.5%
Total effect	0.24	0.00	0.23	0.25
Direct effect	0.15	0.02	0.11	0.20
Indirect effect	0.09	0.02	0.05	0.12

LLCI: lower level for confidence interval; ULCI: upper level for confidence interval.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to restrictions, e.g. their containing information that could compromise the privacy of research participants.