Does Al₂O₃ airborne particle abrasion improve repair bond strength of universal adhesives to aged and non-aged nanocomposites?

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow-chart showing experimental sequence and allocation of groups regarding combinations of the adhesives and surface treatments.

Table 1. Brands, abbreviations, manufacturers and chemical compositions of the materials used in this study.

Brands	Abbreviations	Manufacturers	Chemical compositions
All Bond Universal	AB	Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA	Bis-GMA, HEMA, MDP, initiators, ethanol, water
Clearfil Universal Bond Quick	SK	Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan	Bis-GMA (10–25%), ethanol (10–25%), HEMA (2.5–10%), 10-MDP, hydrophilic amide monomer, colloidal silica, silane coupling agent, sodium fluoride, camphorquinone, water
Clearfil Universal Bond	CB	Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan	Bis-GMA, HEMA, MDP, camforoquinone, colloidal silica, silane coupling agent, ethanol, water, hydrophilic aliphatic dimethacrylate
G-Premio Bond	GP	GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan	4-MET, 10-MDP, MDTP, phosphoric acid ester monomer, thiophosphate monomer, dimethacrylate, butylated hydroxytoluene, acetone, water, photoinitiator, silicon dioxide
Gluma Bond Universal	GB	Heraeus Kulzer GmbH, Hanau, Germany	MDP phosphate monomer, 4-META, dimethacrylate resins, acetone, fillers, initiators, silane
Monobond Plus	MP	Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein	MPTMS, 10-MDP, Disulfide dimethacrylate, Ethanol
Clearfil Majesty Esthetic	CM	Kuraray Noritake Dental, Tokyo, Japan	Bis-GMA, hydrophobic aromatic dimethacrylate, hydrophobic aliphatic dimethacrylate, di-camphorquinone, initiators, accelerators, pigments Silanated barium glass filler, prepolymerized organic fillers

Bis-GMA: bisphenol-A Glycidyl Methacylate; HEMA: 2-hydroksyethylmethacrylate; 10-MDP: 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; 4-MET: 4-methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitic acid; MDTP: Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen thiophosphate.

Table 2. The mean shear bond strength values (MPa) of all experimental groups.

	Dry	24 h	6 months	Thermocyled
All Bond Universal
No Treatment	10.67 ± 3.97	7.65 ± 2.69	9.41 ± 0.41	11.43 ± 1.08
Air-abrasion	8.81 ± 2.21	12.27 ± 2.73	11.5 ± 1.83	11.32 ± 0.78
Clearfil Universal Bond Quick
No Treatment	10.69 ± 3.58	10.61 ± 4.32	10.31 ± 0.85	10.79 ± 0.93
Air-abrasion	10.86 ± 2.57	10.47 ± 4.63	10.84 ± 064	10.85 ± 0.43
Clearfil Universal Bond
No Treatment	10.02 ± 3.66	11.76 ± 2.91	10.73 ± 0.47	11.64 ± 0.62
Air-abrasion	9.58 ± 3.01	9.22 ± 1.72	11.18 ± 0.80	12.28 ± 0.97
G-Premio Bond
No Treatment	7.27 ± 4.04	7.91 ± 3.10	9.75 ± 0.53	10.58 ± 0.66
Air-abrasion	9.09 ± 4.69	9.82 ± 3.51	10.72 ± 1.01	11.36 ± 0.73
Monobond Plus
No Treatment	5.33 ± 2.53	7.24 ± 2.60	9.43 ± 1.06	10.95 ± 0.57
Air-abrasion	7.36 ± 3.20	8.82 ± 4.25	10.27 ± 1.01	10.97 ± 0.56
Gluma Bond Universal
No Treatment	7.93 ± 2.66	9.58 ± 3.96	8.54 ± 1.22	10.09 ± 0.68
Air-abrasion	9.67 ± 3.02	10.93 ± 3.38	10.85 ± 1.42	11.02 ± 1.16

Figure 2. The mean shear bond strength values (MPa) of all groups as a function of aging procedures and adhesive systems.

Figure 3. The mean shear bond strength values (MPa) of all groups as a function of surface conditioning and adhesive systems.