Does Democratic Innovation Reduce Bias? The G1000 as a New Form of Local Citizen Participation

Figures & data

Table 1. G1000s in Dutch municipalities, political and educational background

	Inhabitants (1 January 2016)	turnout 2014 municipal elections	% of highly educated*
Borne	22,343	57.3%	31.3%
Gemert-Bakel	29,647	55.8%	17.4%
Coevorden	35,381	54.0%	19.2%
Uden	41,247	55.3%	22.6%
Schiedam	77,108	42.6%	22.4%
Amersfoort	153,602	56.3%	38.1%
Nijmegen	172,064	54.6%	47.4%
Groningen	200,952	54.5%	39.2%
Eindhoven	224,755	44.7%	37.1%
Netherlands	16,980,049	54.0%	32.4%

* data on educational background are from Statistics Netherlands (CBS)

Table 2. Most important problems in Dutch municipalities, local election study 2016

Topic	Share (%)
Infrastructure and public works	21.8
Politics and governance	19.6
Crime and safety	10.7
Immigration and integration	10.6
Health care, care for the elderly	8.1
Income and economy	5.0
Youth and family	2.4
Community, norms and values	2.3
Nature and environment	2.3
Employment	1.9
Social security	1.7
Education, innovation, arts, culture	0.8
Other/none/don’t know	12.7

Table 3. Topics on the Agenda (top-10) of the G1000s, 2014–2017*

	Amersfoort I	Uden	Groningen	Schiedam	Nijmegen	Amersfoort II	Gemert-Bakel	Eindhoven	Coevorden	Schiedam II	Borne	Total (+%)	Local Election Study
	Mar 14	Oct 14	Jun 15	Feb 16	Mar 16	Apr 16	Jun 16	Jun 16	Oct 16	Mar 17	May 17	2014–2017
Infrastructure and public works	1	2	2		1		1		2	1	3	13 (11.8)	21.8
Politics and governance	2	2	2	1	2	1	4	2	1	2	1	20 (18.2)	19.6
Crime and safety	1					1		1				3 (2.7)	10.7
Immigration and integration					1			1			1	3 (2.7)	10.6
Health care/care for the elderly	1	2										3 (2.7)	8.1
Income and economy			1									1 (0.9)	5.0
Youth and family							1		1			2 (1.8)	2.4
Community, norms and values	3	1	2	4	5	4	3	3	4	5	2	36 (32.7)	2.3
Nature and environment	2	1	2	1	1	4	1	3	1		3	19 (17.3)	2.3
Employment									1			1 (0.9)	1.9
Social security												0	1.7
Education, innovation, arts, culture		2	1	1								4 (3.6)	0.8
Other				3						2		5 (4.5)	12.7

* The proposals were collected from the reports and updates on the web sites of the local G1000 organizers