Green Public Procurement in Public Administration: Perceptions and Challenges in Practice

Figures & data

Table 1. Documentary research.

Reference	Document title	Address (where applicable)
Circular Economy Malta (2021)	Towards a Circular Economy	https://cemalta.gov.mt/circular-economy/
Contract Circulars	No 22/2014 No 13/2015 No 20/2015	Maltese Department of Contracts (DoC)
EC (2001)	GREEN PAPER: Promoting a European Framework for Corporate Social Responsibility	Brussels, European Commission
EC (2006)	Barriers to the take-up of GPP	https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/barriers_en.htm
EC (2008a)	Communication from the Commission to the European parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Public procurement for a better environment	https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal
EC (2008b)	Benefits of GPP	https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/benefits_en.htm
EC (2012)	Green Public Procurement: A collection of good practices	https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/pdf/GPP_Good_Practices_Brochure.pdf
EC (2014)	Life-cycle costing	https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/lcc.htm
EC (2017)	Public Procurement for a Circular Economy	https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/pdf/Public_procurement_circular_economy_brochure.pdf
EC (2019)	GPP Training Toolkit	https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/toolkit_en.htm
EC (2019)	2019/1161: Clean Vehicles Directive	https://ec.europa.eu/
EC (2020)	Europe 2020: A European Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth	https://ec.europa.eu/eu2020/pdf/COMPLET%20EN%20BARROSO%20%20%20007%20-%20Europe%202020%20-%20EN%20version.pdf
EC (2021)	EU GPPcriteria	https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/eu_gpp_criteria_en.htm
EC (2021)	Collaborative economy	https://ec.europa.eu/growth/single-market/single-market-services/collaborative-economy_en
EU (2016)	Buying green! A handbook on green public procurement	Third edition. Belgium: European Union
MECP (2018)	Malta’s Sustainable Development Vision for 2050	Ministry for the Environment, Climate Change and Planning
MECP (2018)	Green Public Procurement National Action Plan 2019–2025	Ministry for the Environment, Climate Change and Planning.
MECP (2021)	Green Public Procurement National Action Plan 2022–2027	Ministry for the Environment, Climate Change and Planning
National Audit Office (2019)	National Audit Office Strategy 2019–2023: Improving Governance and Performance across the Public Sector	National Audit Office
Procurement Policy Notes (PPN)	PPN 33 Eligibility to include GPP criteria	DoC
Public Procurement Regulations (2016)	Subsidiary Legislation 601.03	https://legislation.mt/
UN (2012)	United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio + 20	https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/rio20
UN (2018)	Malta’s Main Messages in preparation of the Voluntary National Review	https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=30022&nr=969&menu=3170
UN (2021)	Voluntary National Reviews	https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/vnrs/
United Nations Environment Programme (2017)	Global review of sustainable public procurement	Available at. https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/20919/GlobalReview_Sust_Procurement.pdf?sequence¼1&isAllowed¼y

Table 2. Interviews and research participants.

Research participant’s codes	Ministry code	Ministry	Characteristics
I-01	DoC	Department of Contracts (within the Ministry for Finance)	This department is responsible for PP processes, but only has a minor role in GPP. For example, it publishes Contract Circulars regarding GPP, because the GPP Office does not have the power to issue them.
I-02	Ministry A	Ministry for Gozo	Each Government Ministry has its own GPP Co-Ordinator. Their role includes: (a) giving clearance to tenders/quotations with an estimated procurement value of Eur 5,000 and over, and (b) checking that draft tender documents are greened in compliance with the GPP criteria.
I-03	Ministry B	Ministry for Home Affairs, National Security and Law Enforcement
I-04	Ministry C	Ministry for the Economy and Industry
I-05	Ministry D	Ministry for Foreign and European Affairs
I-06	Ministry E	Office of the Prime Minister
I-07	Ministry F	Ministry for Social Justice and Solidarity, the Family and Children’s Rights
I-08	GPP Office	GPP Office (within the Ministry for Environment, Climate Change and Planning)	The role of the GPP Office is similar to a regulator. It oversees the uptake of GPP and ensures compliance by the GPP co-ordinators within the Ministries. The Office provides training for CAs and EOs, and consults with them.
I-09	NAO	National Audit Office	This Office is not involved in the PP process or making regulations. The NAO examines extent of adherence with regulations by the Ministries and the DoC. The Office can carry out VFM studies on particular PP processes or parts thereof.

Circular Economy Malta. (2021). Towards a circular economy. https://cemalta.gov.mt/circular-economy/

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EC. (2001). GREEN PAPER: Promoting a European framework for corporate social responsibility. European Commission.

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EC. (2006). Barriers to the take-up of GPP. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/barriers_en.htm

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EC. (2008a). Communication from the commission to the European parliament, the council, the European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions: Public procurement for a better environment. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/uri=CELEX:52008DC0400

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EC. (2008b). Benefits of GPP. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/benefits_en.htm

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EC. (2012). Green public procurement: A collection of good practices. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/pdf/GPP_Good_Practices_Brochure.pdf

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EC. (2014). Life-cycle costing. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/lcc.htm

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EC. (2017). Public Procurement for a Circular Economy. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/pdf/Public_procurement_circular_economy_brochure.pdf

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EC. (2019). GPP Training Toolkit. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/toolkit_en.htm

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EC. (2020). Europe 2020: A European strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. https://ec.europa.eu/eu2020/pdf/COMPLET%20EN%20BARROSO%20%20%20007%20-%20Europe%202020%20-%20EN%20version.pdf

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EC. (2021). EU GPP criteria. https://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/eu_gpp_criteria_en.htm

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EU. (2016). Buying green! A handbook on green public procurement (3rd ed.). European Union.

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MECP. (2018). Malta’s sustainable development vision for 2050, Malta: Ministry for the environment, climate change and planning.

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MECP. (2021). Green public procurement national action plan 2022-2027. Ministry for the environment, climate change and planning.

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National Audit Office. (2019). National audit office strategy 2019-2023: Improving governance and performance across the public sector. National Audit Office.

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Public Procurement Regulations. (2016). (Subsidiary legislation 601.03). Malta.

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UN. (2012). United nations conference on sustainable development, Rio+20. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/rio20

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UN. (2017). United Nations Environment Programme. https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/20919/GlobalReview_Sust_Procurement.pdf?sequence%25C2%25BC1%2526isAllowed%25C2%25BCy

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