Saving Irrigation Water for Winter Wheat with Phosphorus Application in the North China Plain

ABSTRACT

Conserving irrigation water resources is a most important measure for sustainable wheat production in the North China Plain. In the present study, the effect of phosphorus (P) application for saving irrigation water was evaluated. The application of fertilizer P increased nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, shoot biomass, head number, seed number and, consequently, grain yield, and increased soil water use and seasonal evapo-transpiration. The lower the volume of irrigation water applied, the more obvious were these effects. When winter wheat was basally fertilized with 88.5 kg P₂O₅/ha and irrigated with 90 mm at the jointing stage, the highest fertilizer P use efficiency, apparent P recovery and net profit (due to irrigation and/or fertilizer P) were obtained. The results suggested that fertilizer P should be used for saving irrigation water resources in the North China Plain.

Keywords:

• winter wheat
• irrigation
• phosphorus fertilizer
• water use efficiency

Notes

^a Means within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P = 0.05.

^a Means within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P = 0.05.

^a Means within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P = 0.05.