A History of Zimbabwe

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Notes

1. This refers to the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland – incorporating Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland territories – that was instituted in 1953, before collapsing in 1963 because of the impending independence off Nyasaland and Northern Rhodesia.

2. This term, which literally refers to the early rains which sweep the chaff away from the ground, has been commonly used to refer to the state sponsored military operation on citizens from the Matabeleland provinces and parts of the Midlands, who were accused of plotting to subvert the Mugabe government.

3. See, for instance, B. Raftopolous and A. Mlambo, eds, Becoming Zimbabwe: A History from the Pre-colonial Period to 2008 (Zimbabwe: Weaver Press, 2009).

4. S. Moyo, ‘Three Decades of Agrarian Reform in Zimbabwe‘, Journal of Peasant Studies, 38, 3 (2011), 493–531.