A chronology of the history and development of social work education in Northern Ireland

Figures & data

Table 1. The history and development of social work education in Northern Ireland from 1962 to 2020.

Year	Event	Overview	Outcome
1962	Council for Training in Social Work (CTSW) established – its remit covered Northern Ireland.	CTSW was established by the Health Visiting and Social Work (Training) Act 1962. (Health Visiting and Social Work (Training) Act 1962, 10 & 11, Eliz. 2. C33. London: HMSO)	The establishment of the Council for Training in Social Work (CTSW) in 1962 and the introduction of a system of government-funded student grants for social work training supported the growth in social work education at this time.
1968	Social welfare officers mandated to hold a social work qualification.	Influence of the Seebohm report (1968), which recommended the establishment of a generic social work qualification.	The Troubles led to an increased demand on personal social services in Northern Ireland; Darby and Williamson (1978) noted that the number of social workers doubled between 1968 and 1974.
		(Seebohm Committee (1968) Report of the committee on local authority and allied personal social services, Cmnd 3703. London: HMSO)
		CCETSW was established by the Local Authority Social Services Act (1970).
1970	CTSW was renamed the Central Council for Education and Training in Social Work (CCETSW).		This change brought the responsibility for social work training under one UK-wide organisation, replacing six separate training councils. Through CCETSW, two social work qualifications were provided: the Certificate of Qualification in Social Work (CQSW) and the Certificate in Social Services (CSS).
		(Local Authority Social Service Act 1970, C42. London: HMSO)
1972	Integrated health and social services established. Senior social services officers were recognised as part of corporate management at area and local levels.	The Seebohm report (1968) was a catalyst for creating a generic social services department in Northern Ireland similar to those of local authorities in England.	The introduction of Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1972. (Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1972, No. 1265 (N.I. 14). London: HMSO).
1986	Approved Social Worker status for mental health social workers.	Introduction of The Mental Health Order (Northern Ireland,1986).	Identified three key professional functions for Approved Social Workers: protecting civil liberties, providing an independent professional opinion and offering advocacy skills.
		(The Mental Health (Northern Ireland) Order 1986, No. 595, (N.I. 5). London: HMSO)
1989	CCETSW published Assuring quality in the diploma in social work: rules and requirements for the DipSW.	In the late 1980s the UK government carried out a review of social work education (Griffiths Report) prompted by concerns about the need to establish standards required for a competent workforce.	In 1989 the DipSW replaced the Certificate of Qualification in Social Work (CQSW) introduced in 1971 and the employer-led Certificate of Social Service (CSS) introduced in 1975 and required the delivery of the programmes through partnership arrangements between universities and employers, thus ensuring social work education met employer need. Alongside this were arrangements to approve employing organisations to deliver practice learning opportunities and a training program for social workers to become practice teachers.
		(Griffiths, R (Griffiths, 1988). Community Care: Agenda for action: A report to the Secretary of State for Social Services by Sir Roy Griffiths. London: HMSO)
		The review led to a new UK professional qualification, the Diploma in Social Work (DipSW), based on National Occupational Standards for social work.
	(Central Council for Education and Training in Social Work (1989) (CCETSW) Assuring quality in the diploma in social work: rules and requirements for the DipSW. London: CCETSW).
1990	CCETSW published the requirements for post-qualifying education and training in personal social services: a framework for continuing professional development	CCETSW was responsible for the development of social work training and development in Northern Ireland. CCETSW approved the Northern Ireland Post-Qualifying and Education Training Partnership (NIPQETP) in January 1993.	Northern Ireland became the first part of the United Kingdom to have a post-qualifying partnership for social work. It was a CCETSW requirement that this partnership should comprise employers and academics to enhance ownership and increase involvement and participation in post-qualifying provision. This development put in place a professional awards framework for social workers, providing a continuum of social work education and training throughout a social worker’s career.
	Central Council for Education and Training in Social Work (CCETSW) (1990) The requirements for post-qualifying education and training in the personal social services: a framework for continuing professional development. London: CCETSW)
1991	Publication of the first training and development strategy for personal social services.	Training strategy for social workers and social care workers.	The strategy set targets for the Health and Social Care Trusts (HSCT) to deliver social work education and training to support social workers.
	(DHSS (NI) (1991) Health and personal social services: a regional strategy for Northern Ireland 1992–1997. Belfast: HMSO).
1993	CCETSW established the Northern Ireland Post-Qualifying Education and Training Partnership (NIPQETP).	CCETSW approved the Northern Ireland Post-Qualifying and Education Training Partnership (NIPQETP) in January 1993.	Northern Ireland became the first part of the United Kingdom to have a post-qualifying partnership for social work.
			CCETSW requirement that this partnership should comprise employers and academics to enhance ownership and increase involvement and participation in post-qualifying provision.
2001	Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC) established.	Introduction of Health and Personal Social Services Act (Northern Ireland) 2001.	The creation of a social work regulator in Northern Ireland with responsibility for strengthening safeguards and promoting high standards of professionalism, conduct and practice. Its aim is to ensure that the public in Northern Ireland have confidence in the social work sector.
		(Health and Personal Social Services Act (Northern Ireland), 2001 C3. Belfast: HMSO) This included reform of current social work training in Northern Ireland.
2003	1. Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC) register for social workers and social care workers opens.	1. Priority group one, identified as social workers, care workers in children’s residential facilities and managers in adult residential facilities, were registered first.	1. From May 2004 social work students were added to the register.
	2. Northern Ireland Framework Specification for the Degree in Social Work.	2. Single set of learning outcomes incorporating academic and practice requirements.	2. In 2003 the Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC), the Scottish Social Services Council (SSSC), the Care Council for Wales (CCW), and the General Social Care Council (GSCC) in England agreed National Occupational Standards.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2003a) Framework specification for the degree in social work. Belfast: NISCC).
	3. National Occupational Standards for Social Work.	3. Revised National Occupational Standards for Social Work published which underpinned the requirements for the degree in social work.	3. Reviewed periodically to align with the recommendations review of the degree in social work (this takes places every five years in Northern Ireland). Standards for HEIs and practice learning providers.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2003b) National occupational standards for social work. Belfast: NISCC).
	4. Practice Learning Requirements for the Degree in Social Work (NISCC).	4. Developed to reflect the expectations of practice learning and to increase quality assurance of provision.	4. Established the requirements for the placement providers and HEIs in relation to practice learning opportunities and the regional partnerships.
2004	1. New BSc (Hons) degree is introduced in Northern Ireland following UK-wide reform of social work education initiated by the following:	1. This replaced the Diploma in Social Work.	1. The introduction of the new BSc (Hons) was replicated in England, Scotland, and Wales, repositioning social work as a graduate-level profession. The degree was recognised as the entry level required to register as a social worker. Northern Ireland is the only jurasdiction in the United Kingdom where social workers can only qualify with BSc (Hons).
	(Department of Health [DoH] (2019) Modernising social services: promoting independence, improving protection, raising standards, Cm 4169. London: HMSO).
	2. Formation of the Northern Ireland Degree in Social Work Partnership (NIDSWP).	2. A regional partnership comprising key stakeholders from statutory(there are five Health and Social Care Trusts in Northern Ireland) and voluntary sectors, HEIs and the NISCC.	2. The NIDSWP reports directly to the Northern Ireland Social Care Council and serves as a conduit for key stakeholders to engage in decision making relating to degree delivery in Northern Ireland. This includes a range of subgroups, e.g. the Degree Delivery Committee, Admissions, the Strategic Advisory Group, the Practice Learning Committee, Practice Learning Coordinators meetings, and Collaborative Forum meetings.
2005	1. Protection of title of social worker.	1. As outlined in the Health and Personal Social Services Act (Northern Ireland), 2001 C3. Belfast: HMSO.	1. Only qualified social workers who are registered with the NISCC may use the title of social worker. Registering became a formal condition of practising as a social worker in Northern Ireland with the introduction of the protection of the title of social worker.
	2. Good practice in consent – social work students published. (Department of Health and Social Services Northern Ireland (DHSSPSNI) (2005) Good practice in consent – social work students. Belfast: DHSSPSNI).	2. DHSSPSNI-published circular sets out the expectations for service user consent for students to observe or implement care/needs/risk assessments.	2. Clear guidance on minimum requirements for consent and linking this specifically to the NISCC Standards of Conduct and Practice for Students, NISCC Practice Learning Standards, and the Requirements for the Degree in Social Work.
2006	1. Second Personal Social Services Training and Development Strategy launched (2006–2016). (Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety [DHSSPS] (2006a) Personal social services development and training 2006–2016. Belfast: DHSSPS).	1. This detailed plan set out the priorities for ensuring a highly skilled social work workforce in Northern Ireland.	1. The strategy reinforced the connection between being a registered social worker and engaging in the post-qualifying education and training framework. All social workers required to engage in CPD. Strategy included access to funding for staff in the community and voluntary sectors to maintain their registration.
	2. Assessed Year in Employment (AYE) policy is launched.	2. Designed to ensure newly qualified social workers consolidate knowledge and have sufficient professional supervision and support.	2. Condition of registration for AYE remains mandatory and must be completed by all newly qualified social workers in Northern Ireland. This is embedded across all sectors and supported by employers.
	(Department of Health Social Services and Public Safety [DHSSPS] (2006b) Assessed year in employment (AYE) of newly qualified social workers. Belfast: Social Services Inspectorate).
	3. Introduction of the Standards for Practice Learning.	3. These standards required statutory, voluntary, probation, youth justice, and independent providers and the Education Authority to obtain Designated Status to provide social work placements in Northern Ireland.	3. Social work agencies were required to apply for Designated Practice Learning Provider Status to the NISCC. This set out the quality assurance and governance framework for practice learning provision in Northern Ireland. Agencies that could not fulfil these requirements had the option of becoming an Associate Provider under the supervision of a Designated Provider; several smaller voluntary and community agencies chose this option.
	(Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety [DHSSPS] (2006c) Standards for practice learning for the degree in social work. Belfast: DHSSPS).
2007	Northern Ireland Framework for Post Qualifying Social Work Education and Training is launched. (Northern Ireland Post Qualifying Education and Training Partnership [NIPQETP] (2007) Partnership Handbook. Belfast: NIPQETP).	Revision of the existing post-qualifying arrangements to provide more flexibility in using the framework to achieve post-qualifying awards. Aligned PQ social work with an accredited postgraduate structure in Northern Ireland.	Provided social workers with a framework within which to achieve requirements and build towards the achievement of professional awards using both taught programmes and experiential learning. A range of taught programmes was developed and approved at Ulster University and Queen’s University Belfast as part of a wider strategy to engage social workers in Northern Ireland in continued professional development.
2008	The Principles and Quality Standards for Participation published.	This set out six overarching principles to facilitate meaningful involvement and participation of service users in social work.	These principles led to the creation of the NISCC Participation Partnership, which seeks the views of service users and experts regarding the lived experience of policy and their reviews of the degree- related and participation initiatives.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2008) The principles and quality standards for participation. Belfast: NISCC).
2009	Five Year Review of the Degree in Social Work published.	This was the inaugural review of the BSc (Hons) degree.	The review highlighted that there was an adequate supply of practice learning opportunities but it identified issues concerning the quality of provision. More childcare placements were required, as was a wider geographical spread of placements. The North West region had been historically under-represented regarding the provision of placements. The periodic review was used to inform and map the Regional Strategy for Practice Learning Provision in Northern Ireland 2010–2015.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2009) The five year periodic review of the degree in social work. Belfast: NISCC).
2010	1. Strategic Advisory Group (SAG) for the degree established by the NISCC.	1.The SAG was established to provide strategic oversight of the degree.	1.The SAG comprised the NISCC, academic institutions, employers from the statutory, voluntary, and independent sectors, the NIDSWP and the DoH to provide strategic oversight of the degree to ensure that the curriculum takes account of policy and practice development.
	2. Regional Strategy for Practice Learning Provision in Northern Ireland 2010–2015 launched.	2. Set out collaborative arrangements and strategic priorities to ensure the quality and continuous supply of social work placements in Northern Ireland.	2. Practice learning was embedded in the core business planning models of the Health and Social Care Trusts as a strategic priority. The voluntary sector was given a specific strategic priority to ensure support is available for providing placements. Funding was provided by the Department of Health as part of its workforce planning and development strategy.
	(Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety (NI) (DHSSPSNI) (2010) Degree in social work: a regional strategy for practice learning provision in Northern Ireland (2010–2015). Belfast: NISCC).
	3. Practice Learning Requirements for the Degree in Social Work (revised) published.	3. Provided the definition, principles, and requirements of practice learning in Northern Ireland.	3. Requirements in relation to placement component of the professional degree, for example social work students to have at least one placement in statutory social work children’s services, with all final-year placement students having a social worker to shadow on the placement site. These requirements are reviewed periodically to aligned with review of the degree.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2010) Practice learning requirements for the degree in social work (revised). Belfast: NISCC).
2011	Revised National Occupational Standards published.	Review of the National Occupational Standards as part of a wider review to implement the Qualifications and Credit Framework.	The revised standards were issued in November 2011.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2011) National occupational standards for social work. Belfast: NISCC).
2012	1. Rules for the Approval of the Degree in Social Work published.	1. These rules set out the content of the degree in NI (Framework Specification) and the regional partnership arrangements facilitated by the NIDSWP.	1. All social work course providers in Northern Ireland are required to adhere to the rules and must provide evidence to the NISCC via regular reporting and annual subject monitoring.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2012) Rules for the approval of the degree in social work. Belfast: NISCC).
	2. 10-year strategy for social work launched.	2. Improving and Safeguarding Social Wellbeing (2012–2022).	2. This strategy sets out the roadmap for social work in Northern Ireland, specifically focusing on quality improvement within social work, increasing leadership capacity, and continued workforce regulation.
		(Department of Health and Social Services Northern Ireland (DHSSPSNI) (2012) Improving and safeguarding social wellbeing - A strategy for social work in Northern Ireland. Belfast: DHSSPSNI)
2013	NISCC Readiness to practise report.	This report examined the views of new social work graduates and their preparedness for practice.	The report includes an analysis of the views of a range of key stakeholders and was instrumental in identifying areas to explore in the second periodic review of the social work degree in Northern Ireland.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2013) Readiness to practise: A report from a study of new social work graduates’ preparedness for practice: An analysis of the views of key stakeholders. Belfast: NISCC).
2014	1. Narey report.	1. Report commissioned by the Secretary of State focusing on social work education in England (January 2014).	1. Advocated a specialist approach to social work education and championed the ‘fast track’ model of Step Up to Social Work for graduates to achieve a postgraduate diploma in social work in 14 months.
	Narey, M. (2014) Making the education of social workers consistently effective. London: Department for Education. Available from: http://www.gov.uk/government/news/sir-martin-narey-overhauling-childrens-social-work-training
	2. Croisdale-Appleby report.	2. Report commissioned by the Department of Health and Social Care focusing on the quality of social work education (February 2014).	2. Argued in favour of a generalist approach to social work education to ensure that qualified social workers are equipped to practise in all settings of social work. This report was referenced in the second periodic review of the degree in social work (NISCC, 2014).
	Croisdale-Appleby, D. (2014) Revisioning social work education: an independent review. London: Department of Health. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/social- work-education-review
	3. Second Periodic Review of the Degree in Social Work published.	3. The degree is reviewed every five years to ensure it is fit for purpose.	3. Key recommendations included increased service users’ and carers’ involvement in the degree delivery, recruitment, selection, and admissions processes. The review also highlighted the progress made by Designated Practice Learning Providers within the context of the Regional Strategy for Practice Learning Provision (2010–2015).
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2014) The second periodic review of the degree in social work. Belfast: NISCC).
2015	1. Standards of Conduct and Practice for Social Work Students in Northern Ireland published.	1. These replaced the original codes of conduct for social work students (2002)	1. Revised and updated to reflect the continuous review of professional standards in social work in Northern Ireland.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2015a) Standards of conduct and practice for social work students. Belfast: NISCC).	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2002) Standards of conduct and practice for social work students. Belfast: NISCC).
	2. Social Work Research Strategy (2015–2020) launched. (Health and Social Care Board (HSCB) (2014) Social work research strategy 2015–2020: in pursuit of excellence: supporting the profession in relation to social work services in Northern Ireland. Belfast: HSCB).	2. First social work research strategy devised as part of the priorities within the 10- year strategy for social work (2012–2022). (Department of Health and Social Services Northern Ireland (DHSSPSNI) (2012) Improving and safeguarding social wellbeing - A strategy for social work in Northern Ireland. Belfast: DHSSPSNI)	2. The strategy had a particular focus on Health and Social Care Trusts as the majority employers of social workers in Northern Ireland. The voluntary sector, education, justice, and independent sectors were defined as “important employers” (p.3).
	3. Professional in Practice (PiP) Continuous Professional Development Framework launched (NISCC).	3. Replaced NIPQETP and coincided with the tenth anniversary of social work registration in Northern Ireland.	3. The first part of the United Kingdom to develop a comprehensive CPD framework encompassing all learning and development activities within post-qualifying social work. Removal of the annual fee that was previously paid to the Northern Ireland Post Qualifying and Education Training Partnership.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2016) The annual report and accounts of the Northern Ireland social care council. Belfast: NISCC).
	4. Northern Ireland Framework Specification for the Degree in Social Work launched.	4. Revised following the second review of the degree.	4. Reduced the number of Social Work Standards from 21 to 20 with the removal of the group work requirement.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2015b) Framework specification for the degree in social work. Belfast: NISCC).
2018	Inaugural Learning Through Listening service user conference held in Northern Ireland.	The first time a conference specific to service users and social work education was held in Northern Ireland.	Following the conference, a revised plan for increasing, and improving service user involvement in social work education was published.
		Opportunities to hear perspectives of service users and students through a range of mediums, including poetry, and song.
			(Dufty et al (Duffy et al., 2018). A quality improvement plan to widen the involvement of service users and carers in the Northern Ireland degree in social work. Belfast: Northern Ireland Degree Partnership in Social Work).
2019	1. Third periodic review of the degree in social work published.	1. The degree is reviewed every five years to ensure it is fit for purpose.	1. Key recommendations included continuing to embed service user involvement in degree delivery, equipping social work graduates with digital literacy and knowledge, and developing student resilience and self- care. Further work required to agree a stakeholder baseline of expectations of a newly qualified social worker.
	(Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2019c) Report 14: review of the degree in social work. Belfast: NISCC).
	2. A Learning and Improvement Strategy for Social Workers and Social Care Workers 2019–2027 published. Department of Health [DoH] (2019) A learning and improvement strategy for social workers and social care workers (2019–2027). Belfast: DoH.	2. Fourth strategy to focus on training and development of social workers.	2. Six strategic priorities to support social workers to continuously improve their practice to meet the changing needs of communities in Northern Ireland (Department of Health, 2019, p. 17):
			“1. Relationship-based Practice 2. Highly Skilled, Resilient, and Confident Workforce 3. Continuous Learning and Improvement 4. Effective Leadership and Management 5. Collaboration and Partnership 6. Practising in a Digital World”
	3. Updated standards for conduct and practice following review of the degree published. (Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2019a) Standards of conduct and practice for social workers. Belfast: NISCC). Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC) (2019c) Standards of conduct and practice for social work students	3. These replaced the revised standards from 2015. (Northern Ireland Social Care Council (NISCC) (2015) Standards of conduct and practice for social work students. Belfast: NISCC)	3. Revised and updated to reflect the continuous review of professional standards in social work education in Northern Ireland.
2020	1. Publication of NISCC good practice guidelines for service user involvement in social work education. (Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2020b) Good practice guidelines for involving service users in social work education in Northern Ireland. Belfast: NISCC).	1. Following a period of consultation with social work educators, service users, and placement providers, regional guidelines were produced.	1. These regional guidelines provide clarity regarding “continuing to value and encourage the vital and creative involvement of service users’ lived experiences in helping to prepare future social workers for the challenging world of practice” (NISCC, 2020a, p. 5).
	2. Practice learning requirements for the degree in social work revised following the initial impact of COVID-19 pandemic on social work education in Northern Ireland.	2. Updated practice learning requirements acknowledging the challenges of placement provision during Covid pandemic.	2. Clearly sets out the expectations of HEIs and employers in relation to the provision, quality assurance, and supply of practice learning opportunities during the Covid pandemic in Northern Ireland.
	Northern Ireland Social Care Council [NISCC] (2020c) Practice learning requirements for the degree in social work (amended version August – December 2020. Belfast: NISCC).

Figure 1. Constellation of voices collaborating in social work education in Northern Ireland.

Health Visiting and social work (training) Act (1962).

 Google Scholar

Seebohm Committee. (1968). Report of the committee on local authority and allied personal social services. Cmnd 3703. HMSO.

 Google Scholar

Darby, J., & Williamson, A.(Eds). (1978). Violence and the social services in Northern Ireland. Heinemann.

 Google Scholar

Local Authority social Services Act (1970).

 Google Scholar

The Mental Health (Northern Ireland) Order 1986, No. 595, (N.I. 5). HMSO.

 Google Scholar

Griffiths, R. (1988). Community care: Agenda for action: A report to the Secretary of state for social services (R. Griffiths, Ed.). HMSO.

 Google Scholar

Central Council for Education and Training in Social Work. (1989). Assuring quality in the diploma in social work: Rules and requirements for the DipSW.

 Google Scholar

Central Council for Education and Training in Social Work. (1990). The requirements for post qualifying education and training in the personal social services: A framework for continuing professional development.

 Google Scholar

Department of Health and Social Services Northern Ireland. (1991). Health and personal social services: A regional strategy for Northern Ireland 1992–1997. HMSO.

 Google Scholar

Health and Personal social Services Act (Northern Ireland). 2001 C3. HMSO. Health and Personal Social Services Act (Northern Ireland).

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2003a). Framework specification for the degree in social work.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2003b). National occupational standards for social work.

 Google Scholar

Department of Health. (2019). A learning and improvement strategy for social workers and social care workers (2019–2027).

 Google Scholar

Department of Health and Social Services Northern Ireland. (2005). Good practice in consent – Social work students.

 Google Scholar

Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety. (2006a). Assessed year in employment (AYE) of newly qualified social workers. Social Services Inspectorate.

 Google Scholar

Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety. (2006b). Personal social services development and training 2006–2016.

 Google Scholar

Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety. (2006c). Standards for practice learning for the degree in social work. DHSSPS.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Post Qualifying Education and Training Partnership. (2007). Partnership handbook.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2008). The principles and quality standards for participation.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2009). The five year periodic review of the degree in social work.

 Google Scholar

Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety. (2010). Degree in social work: A regional strategy for practice learning provision in Northern Ireland (2010–2015).

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2010). Practice learning requirements for the degree in social work (revised).

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2012). Rules for the approval of the degree in social work.

 Google Scholar

Department of Health and Social Services Northern Ireland. (2012). Improving and safeguarding social wellbeing - a strategy for social work in Northern Ireland.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2013). Readiness to practise: A report from a study of new social work graduates’ preparedness for practice: An analysis of the views of key stakeholders.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2014). The second periodic review of the degree in social work.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2015a). Framework specification for the degree in social work.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2002). Standards of conduct and practice for social work students.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2016) The annual report and accounts of the Northern Ireland social care council.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2015b). Standards of conduct and practice for social work students.

 Google Scholar

Duffy, J., MacDermott, D., & Lytle, J. (2018). A quality improvement plan to widen the involvement of service users and carers in the Northern Ireland degree in social work. Northern Ireland Degree Partnership in Social Work.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2019c). Standards of conduct and practice for social work students.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2020a). Good practice guidelines for involving service users in social work education in Northern Ireland.

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2020b). Practice learning requirements for the degree in social work (amended version August-December 2020)

 Google Scholar

Northern Ireland Social Care Council. (2020c, December). The standards for practice learning for the degree in social work.

 Google Scholar