“Network” socio-hydrology: a case study of causal factors that shape the Jaguaribe River Basin, Ceará-Brazil

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flowchart with methodology steps

Figure 2. Influence-dependence chart with 47 variables. Source: Author

Figure 3. Influence-dependence chart with 32 variables. Source: Author

Figure 4. Number of degrees by variable. Source: Author

Figure 5. Proportional strength of hubs. Source: Author

Figure 6. Proportional strength of authorities. Source: Author

Figure 7. Quantitative clustering. Source: Author

Figure 8. Qualitative clustering. Source: Author

Table A1. Potential structural analysis matrix. Source: Author

Variables	COD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
Water quality	1		0	0	0	0	0	1	2	3	2	3	3
Surface water supply	2	3		2	3	3	3	1	1	3	2	2	2
Underground water supply	3	2	2		1	0	0	0	0	2	2	1	1
Water bodies alterations	4	3	3	3		1	1	1	2	3	3	3	1
Hydrological extremes – drought	5	3	3	3	2		0	0	0	3	3	2	2
Hydrological extremes – flood	6	3	3	3	3	0		0	3	2	3	3	2
Intentional bioinvasion	7	3	0	0	0	0	0		0	3	1	2	1
Accidental bioinvasion	8	3	0	0	0	0	0	0		3	1	2	1
Biomes conservation	9	3	3	2	3	1	1	0	0		2	3	2
Land use dynamics	10	3	3	3	3	1	2	2	2	3		3	2
Estuaries systems	11	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	1		1
Mortality due to waterborne diseases	12	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	0

The Table A1 is only a 12 × 12 factor example. The real matrix was 47 × 47 factor.

Table A2. Influence and dependence values of each variable

Variables	Influence	Dependence
Water management knowledge	106	78
Hydrological extremes – drought	104	9
Climate change	103	12
Water infrastructure	99	95
Surface water supply	99	85
Integrated water resources management system	97	45
Training for the management of water resources	96	77
Water use conflicts	94	103
Water resources conservation funding	94	86
Public service efficiency	94	59
Collegiate decisions	92	86
Water resources plan	92	83
Political interference	92	46
Water grant implementation	89	69
Irrigated agriculture	85	84
Water bodies alterations	85	62
Water demand	81	101
Land use dynamics	79	100
Short-term water allocation	79	85
Industrial sector	76	81
Social participation in water allocation	74	81
Integration with other policies and plans	74	68
Hydrological extremes – flood	74	10
Infrastructure investment	73	96
Urban water management	72	86
Social organization	72	68
Water quality	71	92
Environmental education	70	86
Market dynamics	70	64
Livestock	68	81
Aquaculture	67	86
Human supply	66	107

Table A3. Local transitivity

Variável	Transitividade local
Political interference	0.5904
Climate change	0.5810
Livestock	0.5441
Hydrological extremes – flood	0.5357
Hydrological extremes – drought	0.5052
Water resources plan	0.5052
Urban water management	0.4444
Infrastructure investment	0.4380
Land use dynamics	0.4329
Water bodies alterations	0.4191
Integrated water resources management system	0.4166
Integration with other policies and plans	0.4065
Public service efficiency	0.4000
Water grant implementation	0.3952
Human supply	0.3730
Training for the management of water resources	0.3725
Short-term water allocation	0.3596
Water quality	0.3593
Social participation in water allocation	0.3567
Aquaculture	0.3464
Water demand	0.3423
Market dynamics	0.3330
Industrial sector	0.3320
Water resources conservation funding	0.3116
Surface water supply	0.3103
Water management knowledge	0.2923
Water infrastructure	0.2691
Irrigated agriculture	0.2645
Collegiate decisions	0.2487
Water use conflicts	0.2369
Social organization	0.2222
Environmental education	0.1818

Source: Author.

Table A4. Degree

Variável	Degree all	Degree in	Degree out
Water use conflicts	35	20	15
Water infrastructure	34	19	15
Water management knowledge	32	11	21
Surface water supply	30	15	15
Water demand	29	19	10
Collegiate decisions	29	13	16
Human supply	28	22	6
Irrigated agriculture	28	15	13
Integrated water resources management system	25	5	20
Short-term water allocation	23	14	9
Industrial sector	23	13	10
Land use dynamics	22	15	7
Water quality	22	15	7
Water resources conservation funding	22	11	11
Infrastructure investment	21	17	4
Water grant implementation	21	8	13
Hydrological extremes – drought	20	2	18
Water resources plan	20	8	12
Public service efficiency	20	5	15
Urban water management	19	13	6
Social participation in water allocation	19	13	6
Climate change	18	1	17
Training for the management of water resources	18	6	12
Aquaculture	18	15	3
Livestock	17	12	5
Water bodies alterations	17	7	10
Political interference	15	2	13
Integration with other policies and plans	14	6	8
Market dynamics	13	6	7
Environmental education	11	7	4
Social organization	9	3	6
Hydrological extremes – flood	8	2	6

Source: Author.

Table A5. Centralities

Variable	Closeness centrality	Betweenness centrality	Eigenvector centrality
Water quality	0.0227	32.25	0.4946
Surface water supply	0.0250	90.96	0.6335
Water bodies alterations	0.0204	4.84	0.3145
Hydrological extremes – drought	0.0233	4.67	0.06751
Hydrological extremes – flood	0.0182	0.63	0.06751
Land use dynamics	0.0233	17.28	0.5738
Human supply	0.0250	22.72	0.97
Social organization	0.0181	3.89	0.1417
Water demand	0.0244	38.78	0.93689
Irrigated agriculture	0.0233	30.86	0.6416
Industrial sector	0.0222	46.80	0.5916
Aquaculture	0.0212	6.16	0.5742
Livestock	0.0217	4.27	0.4886
Infrastructure investment	0.0227	4.35	0.635
Urban water management	0.0222	12.49	0.4623
Water resources plan	0.0227	7.39	0.297
Short-term water allocation	0.0222	21.49	0.617
Social participation in water allocation	0.0208	16.68	0.6129
Water grant implementation	0.0222	12.65	0.3344
Climate change	0.0227	8.37	0.0577
Collegiate decisions	0.0227	85.09	0.7709
Political interference	0.0213	3.47	0.097
Environmental education	0.0180	8.32	0.162
Integrated water resources management system	0.0244	13.01	0.1306
Water resources conservation funding	0.0217	42.16	0.3699
Training for the management of water resources	0.0208	12.17	0.121
Water use conflicts	0.0250	84.27	1
Market dynamics	0.0189	7.78	0.3306
Public service efficiency	0.0217	7.59	0.1202
Water management knowledge	0.0256	58.36	0.4055
Integration with other policies and plans	0.0192	19.84	0.2275
Water infrastructure	0.0256	63.25	0.8768

Source: Author.

Data availability statement

Simulation data from this work will be archived in the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI) data website https://www.hydroshare.org/resource/9a40f5ef4e024044a0080d3fdb8bbcf9/