Defining microgrids: from technology to law

Figures & data

Table 1. Analysis of the attributes and characteristics of microgrids in 17 definitions. Source: author’s elaboration.

Source	Elec-tricity	Heat	Low-/medium-voltage grid	Single entity	Controllable sources/loads	Generation: Renewable Energy Sources	Generation: conventional	Storage	Island-ing	Isolated	Relia-bility	Services to distrib. grid	Local area
Lasseter (2002)	X	X		X									X
European Commission (2006)	X		X	X	X			X	X			X
Lidula, Rajapakse (2011)	X		X					X	X		X
Kish, Lehn (2012)	X		X						X				X
Romankie-wicz and others (2014)	X			X	X			X	X			X
Sanz and others (2014)	X		X		X			X	X
Schwaegerl, Tao (2014)	X		X		X	X	X	X	X			X
Soshinskaya and others (2014)	X		X		X	X	X	X	X				X
Wouters (2015)	X		X	X	X			X	X				X
Meng and others (2016)	X		X			X	X	X	X		X
Rabiee and others (2016)	X		X		X			X		X
Ali and others (2017)									X	X	X
Yoldaş and others (2017)	X				X	X	X	X	X		X		X
García Vera, Dufo-López, Bernal-Agustín (2019)	X		X		X	X	X	X	X		X
Heldeweg, Lammers (2019)	X		X						X				X
Mahdavi Tabatabaei, Kabalci, Bizon (2020)	X		X						X
Attanasio (2021)	X	X	X							X
Total mentions (out of 17)	16	2	13	4	9	5	5	11	14	3	5	3	6

Figure 1. Representation of the interrelationship between microgrids and similar concepts and terms.

Source: author’s elaboration.