Ursolic acid: a pentacyclic triterpenoid that exhibits anticancer therapeutic potential by modulating multiple oncogenic targets

ABSTRACT

The world is currently facing a global challenge against neoplastic diseases. Chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, surgery, and radiation therapy are some approaches used to treat cancer. However, these treatments are frequently causing side effects in patients, such as multidrug resistance, fever, weakness, and allergy, among others side effects. As a result, current research has focused on phytochemical compounds isolated from plants to treat deadly cancers. Plants are excellent resources of bioactive molecules, and many natural molecules have exceptional anticancer properties. They produce diverse anticancer derivatives such as alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, pigments, and tannins, which have powerful anticancer activities against various cancer cell lines and animal models. Because of their safety, eco-friendly, and cost-effective nature, research communities have recently focused on various phytochemical bioactive molecules. Ursolic acid (UA) and its derivative compounds have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, apoptosis induction, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-breast cancer proliferation properties. Ursolic acid (UA) can improve the clinical management of human cancer because it inhibits cancer cell viability and proliferation, preventing tumour angiogenesis and metastatic activity. Therefore, the present article focuses on numerous bioactivities of Ursolic acid (UA), which can inhibit cancer cell production, mechanism of action, and modulation of anticancer properties via regulating various cellular processes.

KEYWORDS:

• Ursolic acid
• anti-cancer
• anti-carcinogenic
• bioactivities

Acknowledgement

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research, Jazan University, for supporting this research work through the Research Units Support Program: Support Number. RUP-2-04.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Correction Statement

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

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Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.

Notes on contributors

Sardul Singh Sandhu

Sardul Singh Sandhu is Professor at Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, M.P. India and is currently the Director of the Design Innovation Center, Rani Durgavati University. His research interests include microbiology, plant-microbe interactions, the endophytic microbiome, molecular biology innovation and bio-design. Prof.Sandhu has published more than 200 publications in international reputed journals.

Sharareh Khorami Rouz

Sharareh Khorami Rouz is associated with the School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Suneel Kumar

Suneel Kumar is Research Fellow at Bio-Design Innovation Centre, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur (M.P.) India. His fields of interest are endophyte and plant microbes’ interaction.

Nitin Swamy

Nitin Swamy is a PhD student studying at FBIPL, Department of Biological Sciences, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur (M.P.) India.

Loknath Deshmukh

Loknath Deshmukh is presently working as Assistant Professor at ITM University Raipur. He has completed my PhD degree in Interspecific Hybridization Technology. He has 7 years of experience in the research field.

Arif Hussain

Arif Hussain is associated with the School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Shafiul Haque

Shafiul Haque: is associated with Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia. He is a part of the Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.

Hardeep Singh Tuli

Hardeep Singh Tuli is a researcher and academic with a high predilection toward research. He is currently working in the Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India.