Hyperthermic chemotherapy intra-abdominal laparoscopic approach: development of a laparoscopic model using CO₂ recirculation system and clinical translation in peritoneal carcinomatosis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Cytorreductive surgery in a pig model.

Figure 2. Closed-abdomen laparoscopic HIPEC by CO₂ recirculation. Pig model.

Figure 3. Closed-abdomen laparoscopic HIPEC by CO₂ recirculation. Patient 1. A: before surgery; B: during laparoscopic HIPEC; C: after surgery.

Figure 4. Closed-abdomen laparoscopic HIPEC by CO₂ recirculation. Patient 2. A: before surgery; B: during laparoscopic HIPEC; C: during cytoreductive laparoscopic surgery.

Table 1. Haemodynamic values in pigs HIPEC laparoscopic surgery.

Haemodynamic values	Mean ± SD*
Stroke volume variation (SVV, %)	9.5 ± 4.94
Global end-diastolic volume index (GEVI, ml/m^2)	354.6 ± 59.19
Cardiac index (L.min^−1 m^−2)	3.3 ± 1.4
Extravascular lung water index (ELWI, ml/kg)	9.3 ± 2.08
Mean pressure blood (MAP, mmHg)	106.6 ± 14.22

*SD: standard deviation.

Table 2. Blood gases values in pigs HIPEC laparoscopic surgery.

	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5
pH	7.24 ± 0.17	7.2 ± 0.26	7.25 ± 0.27	7.25 ± 0.24	7.31 ± 0.08
HCO3 (mmol/L)	29.12 ± 3.7	25.62 ± 8.89	25.14 ± 9.74	25.02 ± 9.15	28.33 ± 4.33
pO2 (mmHg)	193.25 ± 67.57	150 ± 82.1	195.2 ± 91.46	174 ± 104.02	168.25 ± 87.93
pCO2 (mmHg)	49 ± 29.56	68.25 ± 38.43	55.8 ± 25.09	56.2 ± 23.40	51.25 ± 19.67
Lactic acid (mg/dL)	12.75 ± 3.86	49.25 ± 69.25	41.6 ± 64.04	50.4 ± 65.29	25.25 ± 3.5

Blood gases values in pigs HIPEC laparoscopic surgery

T1: begin surgery; T2: during surgery; T3: after surgery; T4: during HIPEC; T5: after HIPEC.