CT-guided radiofrequency ablation of spinal osteoblastoma: treatment and long-term follow-up

Figures & data

Table 1. Demographic table and characteristic of lesions.

							Imaging
							MRI (oedema/C.E.)		CT (sclerosis/bone remodelling)
PTs	Sex	Age	Lesion location	VAS before treat.	Histological confirmation	Follow-up (months)	6 months	End of follow up	6 months	End of follow up
1	M	18	L4	7	OB	6/12/60	</No	No/no	Yes/no	</Yes
2	F	22	L5	8	OB	6/12/60	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	</>
3	F	45	D6	7	OB	6/12/60	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	</>
4	M	19	L3	9	N/D	6/12/60	</no	No/no	Yes/no	</Yes
5	M	25	D10	7	OB	6/12/48	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	</Yes
6	F	23	D8	8	OB	6/12/48	</no	No/no	Yes/no	Yes/>
7	M	26	L4	6,5	OB	6/12/48	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	Yes/no
8	M	31	S1	7	OB	6/12/36	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	Yes/no
9	F	32	D11	8	N/D	6/12/24	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	Yes/no
10	M	22	D4	8	OB	6/12/24	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	Yes/no
11	M	18	S1	7	N/D	6/12	No/no	No/no	Yes/no	Yes/no

OB: osteoblastoma; N/D: insufficient material for diagnosis; no: nonevidence of this finding; yes: evidence of this finding; <: reduction of appearance of this finding; >: increment of appearance of this finding.

Figure 1. (a) CT axial slice (low resolution due to the low dose used with Fluoro-CT to reduce the dose), RFA needle inside the lesion (large unfilled arrow), and the bone biopsy needle (arrowhead) used as a guide; (b) core biopsy histology revealing disorganised trabeculae of immature bone consistent with OB (haematoxylin–eosin).

Figure 2. OB (arrow) of the posterior arc of D6: (a) before treatment; (b) follow-up 6 months after treatment showing sclerosis of the lesion; (c, d) follow-up after 24 and 60 months, respectively, showing the slow progression of bone remodelling toward disappearance of the treated lesion.

Figure 3. Same case as in Figure 1: (a) pre- and (b) post-treatment T2 FAT SAT MRI, showing bone oedema around the lesion (arrowheads) and disappearance during follow-up.

Figure 4. (a) OB of the lamina of D11 (arrow); (b) ossification of the nidus treated (arrow) with the sign of the pathway of the nidus (black arrowhead); (c, d) coronal reconstructions along the plane hatched on the axial images with evidence of ossification of the treated lesion.

Figure 5. Same case as in Figure 3: (a) pre- and (b) post-treatment T2 FAT SAT MRI, showing in (a) the presence of bone oedema before treatment, which has disappeared in (b); (c) pre- and (d) post-treatment T1 FAT SAT with C.E., showing disappearance of C.E. in the nidus of the lesion (arrow) after treatment.