Comparison of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation and parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients undergoing MWA and SR before and after propensity-score matching.

Characteristic	Before matching			After matching
	MWA) (N = 36)	SR (n = 72)	p	MWA (n = 28)	SR (n = 28)	p
Gender (male/female)	12/24	15/57	.157	6/22	5/23	1
Mean age (year) (range)	60.1 ± 12.5	52.2 ± 12.0	.002	56.61 ± 10.82	57.71 ± 9.7	.688
BMI*	24.3 ± 2.9	24.2 ± 3.0	.829	24.27 ± 3.02	24.32 ± 3.04	.947
CCR (%)*	87.1 ± 40.0	97.7 ± 31.6	.136	96.67 ± 37.27	87.95 ± 29.75	.337
Diabetes mellitus (yes/no)	6/30	6/66	.194	3/25	3/25	1
Hypertention (yes/no)	16/20	19/53	.059	13/15	11/17	.787
symptomatic PHP (yes/no)	26/10	45/27	.316	18/10	16/12	1
PTH level (pg/ml)	228.0 ± 187.5	421.2 ± 760.4	.137	197.7 ± 128.9	223.6 ± 175.6	.531
Serum calcium(mmol/L)	2.7 ± 0.3	2.8 ± 0.3	.583	2.69 ± 0.28	2.77 ± 0.30	.283
Phosphorus(mmol/L)	0.8 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.2	.406	0.83 ± 0.16	0.84 ± 0.21	.840
25(OH)D3(ng/ml)	10.3 ± 3.1	10.4 ± 4.8	.936	10.10 ± 3.20	9.80 ± 3.30	.729
No. of nodules			.741			.451
Single nodule	34	68		26	28
Two nodules	2	3		2	0
Three nodules	0	1		0	0
Nodule’s diameter (cm)	1.9 ± 1.0	2.1 ± 1.0	.311	1.83 ± 0.94	2.13 ± 1.17	.289

*BMI: Body mass index; CCR: creatinine clearance rate.

Table 2. Comparison of treatment parameter and clinical efficacy between MWA and SR group after propensity-score matching.

Parameters	MWA (n = 28)	SR (n = 28)	p Value
Surgical time (min)	22.0 ± 6.3	77.8 ± 50.6	<.001
Hospitalization time (days)	8.8 ± 3.4	9.1 ± 5.6	.797
Blood loss (ml)	1.7 ± 0.4	20.0 ± 21.3	<.001
Incision length (cm)	None	5.5 ± 1.0	N
Cure rate	23/28	25/28	.705
Complications rate	6/28	7/28	.752
Voice change	2	0	.491
Headache	0	1	1
Perioral and limb numbness	4	6	.727

Table 3. The rates of achieving the normal level for PTH, serum calcium and phosphorus in MWA group and SR group after treatment.

Variable	SR (n = 28)	MWA (n = 28)	p
PTH (pg/ml)
1st day	22/28 (78.6%)	22/28 (78.6%)	1
3rd day	23/28 (82.1%)	21/28 (75%)	.515
30th day	27/28 (96.4%)	22/28 (78.6%)	.101
90th day	25/28 (89.3%)	24/28 (85.7%)	1.0
180th day	25/28 (89.3%)	23/28 (82.1%)	.705
Ca (mmol/L)
1st day	22/28 (78.6%)	21/28 (75%)	.752
3rd day	26/28 (92.9%)	26/28 (92.9%)	1
30th day	28/28 (100%)	26/28 (92.9%)	.491
90th day	27/28 (96.4%)	25/28 (89.3%)	.611
180th day	28/28 (100%)	26/28 (92.9%)	.491
P (mmol/L)
1st day	14/28 (50%)	17/28 (60.7%)	.42
3rd day	23/28 (82.1%)	27/28 (96.4%)	.193
30th day	27/28 (96.4%)	26/28 (92.9%)	1
90th day	26/28 (92.9%)	25/28 (89.3%)	1
180th day	28/28 (100%)	24/28 (85.7%)	.111

Table 4. Changes of PTH, serum calcium and phosphorus in MWA group and SR group before and after treatment.

Variable	SR (n = 28)	MWA (n = 28)	p
PTH(pg/ml)
Preoperation	223.7 ± 175.7	197.7 ± 129.0	.532
1st day	15.0 ± 8.8	42.6 ± 31.3	<.001
3rd day	23.0 ± 10.6	58.4 ± 25.9	<.001
30th day	39.3 ± 16.2	65.3 ± 18.9	<.001
90th day	50.6 ± 24.0	64.8 ± 15.2	.034
180th day	53.4 ± 15.2	61.3 ± 19.6	.254
Ca(mmol/L)
Preoperation	2.8 ± 0.3	2.7 ± 0.3	.284
1st day	2.4 ± 0.3	2.4 ± 0.2	.465
3rd day	2.3 ± 0.2	2.2 ± 0.2	.619
30th day	2.2 ± 0.1	2.3 ± 0.1	.055
90th day	2.2 ± 0.1	2.3 ± 0.2	.119
180th day	2.3 ± 0.1	2.4 ± 0.2	.241
P(mmol/L)
Preoperation	0.8 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.2	.84
1st day	0.8 ± 0.3	1.0 ± 0.2	.050
3rd day	1.0 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.2	.282
30th day	1.0 ± 0.2	1.0 ± 0.2	.923
90th day	1.0 ± 0.1	1.0 ± 0.1	.205
180th day	1.0 ± 0.1	1.0 ± 0.2	.692

Normal range: PTH:15–65 pg/ml, Ca:2.09–2.54 mmol/L, P:0.89–1.6mmol/L.