Factors influencing the clinical efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of non-neoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva: a retrospective observational study

Figures & data

Figure 1. Vulvar division in HIFU treatment.

Table 1. Grading of clinical effect for NNEDV.

Scores	Itch	Skin elasticity	Skin color	Reduction of lesions	Tissue structure
0	No	Fine	Normal	Disappear	Completely normal
1	Temporary	Ordinary	Depigmented	Reduce by 60%	Basically normal
2	Ordinary	Bad	Pink	Reduce by 30%	Partly normal
3	Severe	Chapped	White	No change	No change

NNEDV: Non-neoplasia epithelial disorder of vulva.

Table 2. The effectiveness of HIFU treatment for NNEVD.

Variable	N	Cure (%)	Effective (%)	Ineffective (%)
Lesion locations
Central	15	4 (26.67)	7 (46.67)	4 (26.66)
Peripheral	114	73 (64.03)	39 (34.21)	2 (1.76)
Mixed	57	17 (29.82)	37 (64.91)	3 (5.27)
Scores of itch
1	23	21 (91.30)	2 (8.70)	0 (0)
2	102	60 (58.82)	40 (39.21)	2 (1.97)
3	61	13 (21.31)	41 (65.07)	7 (13.62)
Age
21–35	28	18 (64.29)	10 (35.71)	0 (0)
36–50	95	54 (56.84)	37 (38.95)	4 (4.21)
51–66	63	22 (34.92)	36 (57.14)	5 (7.94)
Disease courses
＜3	32	20 (62.50)	11 (34.37)	1 (3.13)
3–10	121	65 (53.72)	54 (44.63)	2 (1.65)
>10	33	9 (27.27)	18 (54.55)	6 (18.18)
Types
LSC	106	64 (60.38)	39 (36.79)	3 (2.83)
LSV	51	18 (35.29)	29 (56.86)	4 (7.85)
LP	29	12 (41.37)	15 (51.72)	2 (6.91)
Anxiety/depression
Normal or mild	159	90 (56.60)	65 (40.88)	4 (2.52)
Moderate or severe	27	4 (14.81)	18 (66.67)	5 (18.52)

HIFU: High intensity focused ultrasound; NNEDV: Non-neoplasia epithelial disorder of vulva.

LSV: lichen sclerosus of vulva, LSC: lichen simplex chronicus; LP: lichen planus.

Table 3. Multi-variant analysis of the effectiveness of HIFU treatment for NNEDV.

Variable	B	SE	Wald χ^2	p Value	OR (95%CI)
Disease course	−0.672	0.382	4.863	0.007	1.611 (1.233–1.807)
Itch degree	−0.274	3.873	3.874	0.000	1.292 (1.101–1.487)
Age	−0.285	3.126	3.125	0.004	1.243 (1.006–1.486)
Lesion location	−0.203	2.985	2.986	0.003	1.411 (1.108–1.796)
Anxiety/depression level	−0.197	3.232	3.232	0.005	1.305 (1.083–1.695)

HIFU: High-intensity focused ultrasound; NNEDV: Non-neoplasia epithelial disorder of vulva.