Long-term re-intervention after USgHIFU and prediction of NPVR in different ages of patients with uterine fibroids

Figures & data

Figure 1. The flowchart of enrolled patients’ allocation and follow-up.

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients and results of USgHIFU ablation.

Variable	Data (n = 2141)
Age (years)	40.0 (35.0, 44.0)
BMI (kg/m^2)	22.1 (20.4, 23.9)
Maximum diameter of primary fibroids (mm)	56.0 (47.0, 67.0)
Volume of primary fibroids (cm^3)	68.1 (40.7, 118.8)
Ultrasonic power (W)	400.0 (395.0, 400.0)
Treatment time (min)	83.0 (57.0, 119.0)
Sonication time (sec)	900.0 (564.0, 1410.0)
Dose (J)	348.6 (210.3, 554.2)
NPVR (%)	87.0 (75.0, 94.0)

Note: Data are median value; interquartile range in brackets.

Figure 2. The relationship between age and re-intervention with ROC curve.

Figure 3. Cumulative re-intervention rate after USgHIFU in two group with Kaplan-Meier curve.

Table 2. Comparison of characteristics and ultrasound ablation results between different ages.

Variable	< 40 years old (n = 1000)	≥ 40 year old (n = 1141)	P
Number of successful follow-up cases (n)	729	829	0.899
General patient data
Age (years)*	34.0 (30.0, 37.0)	44. 0 (42.0, 46.0)	<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)	21.4 (20.0, 23.4)	22.6 (21.0, 24.4)	<0.001
History of childbirth (yes / no) (n)	532/468	1046/95	<0.001
History of lower abdominal surgery (yes / no) (n)	324/676	368/773	0.994
Fibroid characteristics on MRI
Number (single / multiple) (n)	671/329	586/555	<0.001
Type (I-II / III-IV / Ⅴ-Ⅵ) (n)	98/194/708	134/182/825	0.060
Location (anterior / lateral) (n)	691/309	802/339	0.550
Signal intensity on T2WI (hypointense / isointense / hyperintense) (n)	386/280/334	459/326/356	0.544
Enhancement type on T1WI (mild / moderate / significant) (n)	353/444/203	449/479/213	0.150
Maximum diameter (mm)	53.0 (45.0, 64.0)	57.0 (48.0, 69.0)	<0.001
Volume (cm^3)	60.1 (35.4, 103.6)	75.0 (45.5, 131.3)	<0.001
Ultrasound ablation results
NPVR (%)	86.5 (73.6, 94.2)	86.8 (75.1, 93.9)	0.133
NPVR of hypointense fibroid (%)	90.0 (80.8, 96.0)	90.0 (80.0, 96.0)	0.465
NPVR of isointense fibroid (%)	88.0 (75.0, 94.0)	88.0 (78.0, 94.0)	0.307
NPVR of hyperintense fibroid (%)	81.0 (59.0, 92.0)	80.5 (62.0, 91.0)	0.622
10-year Cumulative re-intervention rate (%)	30.8	19.1	<0.001
Re-intervention of hypointense fibroid (n)	73	32	<0.001
Re-intervention of isointense fibroid (n)	84	25	<0.001
Re-intervention of hyperintense fibroid (n)	105	63	<0.001

Note: *Data are median value; interquartile range in brackets.

Table 3. The influencing factors of re-intervention at different ages with Cox regression analysis.

Influencing factors	B	SE	Wald	P	Exp(B)	95.0% CI
						Lower	Upper
< 40-year-old group
NPVR	−0.018	0.003	48.309	< 0.001	0.982	0.977	0.987
≥ 40-year-old group
Age	−0.165	0.04	17.328	< 0.001	0.848	0.784	0.916
Signal intensity on T2WI	0.419	0.129	10.611	0.001	1.521	1.182	1.958
NPVR	−0.014	0.004	11.894	< 0.001	0.986	0.978	0.994

Figure 4. Correlation between NPVR and re-intervention rate with ROC curve.

A: < 40 -years-old group; B: ≥ 40-years-old group.

Data availability statement

The data of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available because they contain information that can compromise the privacy of the research participants.