Shave, shear, shred, or cut: PPA variant differentially impacts erroneous responses produced in a confrontation naming test of verbs

Figures & data

Table 1. Example Target Word and Response Pairs.

Variant	Target	SD	C	Freq (log10)	AoA	Response	SD	C	Freq (log10)	AoA
lvPPA	juggle	7	4.04	1.7482	6.39	try	10	2.22	3.84843546	3.44
lvPPA	shear	6	3.37	1.2788	8.67	get	37	2.38	3.9210098	3.17
lvPPA	sharpen	8	3.72	1.7160	5.61	do	16	2.46	3.92163446	3.6
nfavPPA	crawl	8	4.27	2.6721	3.89	baby	7	5	3.70663245	3.84
nfavPPA	peel	5	4.61	2.2788	6.05	apple	2	5	2.83884909	4.15
nfavPPA	extinguish	5	3.47	1.6128	8.95	water	10	5	3.61573969	2.37
svPPA	hibernate	2	2.92	1.0414	8.37	sleep	6	4.44	3.66857227	2.79
svPPA	quack	5	3.93	1.9395	5.25193	sing	5	4.34	3.2422929	3.47
svPPA	juggle	7	4.04	1.7482	6.39	dance	7	4.32	3.39199307	4.63

SD: Semantic density. C: Concreteness. Freq: Frequency. AoA: Age of Acquisition.

Figure 1. Standardized mean differences between targets and responses in four dimensions.

Dimensions were considered significant if p < 0.05. Differences across variants examined post-hoc were considered significant if p < 0.01.

Table 2. Summary of sample characteristics.

	Logopenic	Semantic	Agrammatic	Unclassifiable
Age (yrs)	69 ± 8; 49 - 90	68 + 18; 48-82	69 ± 9; 48 - 85	70 ± 7; 53 - 81
M:F	45 : 60	31 : 41	38 : 24	15 : 14
Handedness R:L	87 : 9	57 : 7	54 : 7	26 : 1
Education (yrs)	16 ± 3; 6 - 20	16 ± 2; 12 - 20	15 ± 3; 3 - 20	17 ± 3; 12 - 20
N	107	73	62	29
N visits	191	114	99	39
Visits PP	1.9 ± 1.5; 1 - 8	1.9 ± 1.7; 1 - 10	2.2 ± 1.7; 1 - 9	1.4 ± 0.6; 1 - 3

Age, education, and visits by participant values in the form Mean ± Standard Deviation; Range. Handedness was not recorded for all patients. Visits PP: Visits per participant. Unclassifiable performance often is characterized by anomia in isolation and evolves into another variant over time.

Table 3. Summary of error responses by part of speech.

	Logopenic	Semantic	Agrammatic	Unclassifiable
Verb	1403(76.8%)	1311(79.6%)	497(70.9%)	282(79.4%)
Noun	392(21.5%)	309(18.8%)	199(28.4%)	69(19.4%)
Pronoun	1(0.05%)	1(0.06%)	0(0%)	0(0%)
Adjective	22(1.2%)	22(1.3%)	5(0.7%)	4(1.1%)
Adverb	6(0.3%)	3(0.2%)	0(0%)	0(0%)
Preposition	3(0.2%)	0(0%)	0(0%)	0(0%)
Total	1827(100%)	1646(100%)	701(100%)	355(100%)

Table 4. Standardised differences in lexical qualities by subtype.

	Logopenic	Semantic	Agrammatic	Unclassifiable
Age of acquisition	-0.28 ± 0.11	-0.27 ± 0.08	-0.26 ± 0.20	-0.27 ± 0.14
Frequency	1.02 ± 0.22	0.99 ± 0.19	0.98 ± 0.33	0.98 ± 0.35
Semantic density*	4.52 ± 2.02	3.84 ± 1.55	3.07 ± 1.88	3.70 ± 1.83
Concreteness*	0.03 ± 0.12	0.03 ± 0.11	0.11 ± 0.16	0.08 ± 0.09

*p < 0.001

Data availability statement

Deidentified participant data will be made available from the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) upon publication.