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Research Article

Buffering effect of fiction on negative emotions: engagement with negatively valenced fiction decreases the intensity of negative emotions

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Received 10 Mar 2022, Accepted 13 Jan 2024, Published online: 13 Feb 2024

Figures & data

Image 1. High-intensity image with a negative emotional content (left), low-intensity images with a negative emotional content (right).

Image 1. High-intensity image with a negative emotional content (left), low-intensity images with a negative emotional content (right).

Table 1. Means and standard deviations of all variables among participants in experimental and control conditions in Study 1.

Table 2. Repeated measures ANOVA results in Study 1.

Table 3. Means and standard deviations of variables between conditions in Study 2.

Table 4. Means and standard deviations of variables among participants in the fiction, bystander and everyday life conditions in Study 3.

Table 5. Means and standard deviations of variables among participants in the fiction, bystander and everyday life conditions in Study 4.

Table 6. Means and standard deviations of variables among participants across all studies.

List of images used in Studies 1–4.

List of videos used in Study 2 and 4.

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available at https://osf.io/xyczb/ (doi 10.17605/OSF.IO/XYCZB)