Enhanced adsorption of crystal violet using Bi³⁺ – intercalated Cd-MOF: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic study

Abstract

In this work, Bi@Cd MOF has been synthesized by a hydrothermal route and characterized by the XRD, BET, SEM, EDS and elemental mapping analysis. Adsorption behaviors of crystal violet on the Bi@Cd MOF were studied in various conditions and the adsorption capacity of 175.4 mg/g after was obtained. The effect of adsorbent dose (1–7 mg), initial concentration (6–14 ppm), pH (2–6), temperature (10–50 °C), stirring speed and adsorption kinetics were investigated by batch method. The experimental adsorption isotherm was described by Dubinin-Radushkevich model. The adsorption thermodynamic studies in the temperature range of 283 to 333 K were shown the exothermic nature of adsorption. The removal efficiency of crystal violet using Cd MOF and Bi@Cd MOF showed that the removal efficacy improved in biological wastewater (from 14 to 50%), industrial wastewater (from 8 to 56%), mineral water (from 28 to 71%) and drinking water (21–68%). It was demonstrated that prepared adsorbent could be effectively used for the removal of crystal violet from aqueous solutions.

Keywords:

• Metal organic framework
• Crystal violet
• adsorption
• Adsorption isotherm
• Adsorption kinetic
• Thermodynamic

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).