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Abstract
Two-photon laser confocal scanning microscopy (TPLCSM) was first used to visualize the uptake and movement of naphthalene (NAP), phenanthrene (PHE), and pyrene (PYR), from separately contaminated hydroponics solutions into living Kandelia candel (L.) Druce seedlings. With this non-destructive and non-chemical extraction technique, the experimental results revealed that three types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were observed moving into the K. candel and its translocation to radicle, hypocotyl and leaf, and the transmission rates of these PAH in the K. candel were in the order of NAP > PHE > PYR. Data demonstrate the manner in which PAH enter, transport, and distribute within the K. candel, and provided us some valuable information on uptake and translocation mechanism of PAH. These findings may help to optimize the phytoremediation strategies of PAH in mangrove wetlands.
Acknowledgments
Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20777062 and No. 405210003), Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 200803840015), Scientific Research Funds of Wenzhou Medical College (No. QTJ09009 and No. QTJ09004) and Research Project for Preventive Strategy of Urban River Runoff Pollution in Wenzhou (No. Z090921421) are gratefully acknowledged. Prof. John Hodgkiss is thanked for his assistance with English.