Figures & data
FIG. 1 (above) The stainless steel chamber at the University of Lund. (below) The arrangement of test subjects (in this case female volunteers) inside the chamber.
FIG. 2 Schematic view of the complete generation/exposure system. The rings show where the three test subjects are placed.
FIG. 3 Temporal variations of number and mass concentrations in the chamber during a typical welding exposure event. During human exposures, the test subjects had lunch between 12:00 and 13:00 and no activities took place in the exposure chamber at this time.
TABLE 1 Mean levels during the 13 welding exposure events
FIG. 4 MAG welding number distributions from laboratory and workshops. Workshop data have been normalized to fit the maximum value of the chamber number concentration. The number concentration is given as dN/dlogDp, indicating that the concentration in each size bin of the instrument has been normalized to the width of the bin.
FIG. 5 The elemental composition in mass% measured with PIXE (elements heavier than aluminum) of welding smoke as measured in the welding workshop and during the exposure studies.
TABLE 2 Amount of species, detectable with PIXE, other than iron and manganese in the generated welding fume
FIG. 6 Welding fume aggregates in three different magnifications.
FIG. 7 XEDS analysis of welding fume particles, showing the atomic percent of oxygen, manganese, and iron in three primary particles of different size.
