Particle Deposition in a Cast of Human Tracheobronchial Airways

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic of the upper respiratory airway replica.

Table 1 Airway dimensions

	Parent (cm)		Daughter (cm)
	L0	D0	L1	D1	L2	D2	Whole bifurcation angle (^ˆ)	Plane angle (^ˆ)
Trachea
(8D + 9D+ 10D)	7.44	1.58
1st bifurcation
11E + 13F	0.35	1.9	0.32 (to F1)	1.23 (to F1)	1.76 (to F2)	0.71 (to F2)	35	0
2nd bifurcation
14G + 16H + 17H	0.38	1.23	1.11 (to 16H)	0.64 (to 16H)	1.24 (to 17H)	0.94 (to 17H)	84	15
15G + 18H + 19H	1.26	0.65	0.8 (to 18H)	0.3 (to 18H)	0.63 (to 19H)	0.67 (to 19H)	35	10
3rd Generation
20I + 1/2 (24J) + 1/2 (25J)	0.37	0.63	0.5 (to 24J)	0.52 (to 24J)	0.5 (to 25J)	0.54 (to 25J)	80	25
21I + 26J + 27J	0.66	0.9	0.26 (to 26J)	0.82 (to 26J)	0.26 (to 27J)	0.6 (to 27J)	35	30
22I + 1/2 (28J) + 1/2 (29J)	0.24	0.77	0.5 (to 28J)	0.6 (to 28J)	0.5 (to 29J)	0.6 (to 29J)	50	20
23I + 1/2 (30J) + 1/2 (31J)	0.15	0.67	0.5 (to 30J)	0.6 (to 30J)	0.5 (to 31J)	0.55 (to 31J)	78	40
4th Generation
32K + 1/2 (34L) + 1/2 (35L)	0.3	0.82	0.5 (to 34L)	0.59 (to 34L)	0.5 (to 35L)	0.64 (to 35L)	75	12
33K + 1/2 (36L) + 1/2 (37L)	0.84	0.6	0.5 (to 36L)	0.52 (to 36L)	0.5 (to 37L)	0.49 (to 37L)	92	60

Figure 2 Comparison of tracheal deposition in the replica with reported lung cast deposition data. The fitted curve was based on current data and the data of Chan and Lippmann (1980) and Schlesinger et al. (1977).

Figure 3 Comparison of the deposition efficiency in the first generation of the replica with reported lung cast deposition data and theoretical models.

Figure 4 Comparison of the deposition efficiency in the second generation of the replica with reported lung cast deposition data and theoretical models.

Figure 5 Comparison of the deposition efficiency in the third generation of the replica with reported lung cast experimental data, bifurcation deposition data, and theoretical models.

Figure 6 Comparison of the deposition efficiency in the fourth generation of the replica with reported lung cast experimental data, bifurcation deposition data, and theoretical models.

Figure 7 The constant value a in Equation (6) as a function of F value obtained in Equation (3). The solid circles were not regressed.

Table 2 Constant values obtained by data regression from Equation (6) for each bifurcation of the lung cast

	Location	F(α, R/R0)*	a	b
First bifurcation	11E + 13F	0.750	11.600	1.342
Second bifurcation	14G + 16H + 17H	1.326	4.765	1.411
	15G + 18H + 19H	0.695	3.924	1.427
Third bifurcation	20I + 1/2 (24J) + 1/2 (25J)	0.973	5.254	1.358
	21I + 26J + 27J	0.485	2.793	1.395
	22I + 1/2 (28J) + 1/2 (29J)	0.691	5.490	1.222
	23I + 1/2 (30J) + 1/2 (31J)	0.926	4.568	1.294
Fourth bifurcation	32K + 1/2 (34L) + 1/2 (35L)	1.025	4.764	1.393
	33K + 1/2 (36L) + 1/2 (37L)	1.078	5.546	1.214

Figure 8 Comparison of experimental data with developed empirical model in four generations. Only one bifurcation is shown for generations two to four.

Figure 9 Comparison of all deposition data from the current study and the data from Chan and Lippmann (1980) with the developed empirical model.

Chan , T. L. and Lippmann , M. 1980 . Experimental Measurements and Empirical Modeling of the Regional Deposition of Inhaled Particles in Humans . Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. , 41 : 399 – 409 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]

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