Gender-specific survival after surgical resection for early stage non-small cell lung cancer

Figures & data

Figure 1. Surgically treated stage I and II lung cancer patients. NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer.

Table 1(a). Characteristics of 692 patients surgically treated for NSCLC according to gender and age.

	Age <66 years			Age ≥66 years
	Female (n = 165)	Male (n = 167)	Total (n = 332)	Female (n = 159)	Male (n = 201)	Total (n = 360)
Age (mean ± SD)	58.7 ± 6.0	59.3 ± 5.2	59.0 ± 5.6	72.5 ± 4.5	72.7 ± 4.8	72.6 ± 4.7
BMI (kg/m^2 ± SD)	24.7 ± 5.0	25.4 ± 3.9	24.8 ± 4.6	24.8 ± 4.6	24.9 ± 3.8	24.8 ± 4.2
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (N, %)
CCI =0	135 (81.8)	118 (70.7)	253 (76.2)	118 (74.2)	121 (60.2)	239 (66.4)
CCI ≥1	30 (18.2)^a^,^c	49 (29.3)^e	79 (23.8)	41 (25.8)^f	80 (39.8)	121 (33.6)*
ECOG performance status (N, %)
0–1	159 (96.4)	161 (96.4)	320 (96.4)	150 (94.3)	195 (97.0)	345 (95.8)
≥2	6 (3.6)	6 (3.6)	12 (3.6)	9 (5.7)	6 (3.0)	15 (4.2)
COPD (n, %)
Non-COPD	62 (37.6)	60 (35.9)	122 (36.8)	57 (35.8)	59 (29.4)	116 (32.2)
COPD	103 (62.4)	107 (64.1)	210 (63.2)	102 (64.2)	142 (70.6)	244 (67.8)
Smoking status (N, %)
Never	11 (6.7)^b	7 (4.2)^d	18 (5.4)	27 (17.0)^f	9 (4.5)	36 (10.0)
Former	46 (27.9)^c	53 (31.7)^e	99 (29.8)	56 (35.2)^f	100 (49.8)	156 (43.3)
Current	108 (65.5)^b^,^c	107 (64.1)^d^,^e	215 (64.8)	76 (47.8)	92 (45.8)	168 (46.7)
Pack-years (mean ± SD)	26.9 ± 17.1^a^,^c	36.0 ± 19.5^d^,^e	31.5 ± 18.9	26.3 ± 18.6^f	31.1 ± 20.4	29.0 ± 19.8

* p = .004.

^a Younger females vs. younger males, p < .05;

^b younger females vs. older females, p < .05;

^c younger females vs. older males, p < .05;

^d younger males vs. older females, p < .05;

^e younger males vs. older males, p < .05;

^f older females vs. older males, p < .05.

Figure 2. Overall survival after surgical intervention for non-small cell lung cancer according to gender and age.

Table 2. Overall 1-, 5- and 10-years cumulative survival after surgical resection for NSCLC in 692 patients according to gender. [AQ2]

Survival	Female (n = 324) % (95% CI)	Male (n = 368) % (95% CI)	p-Value^a
1 year	93.5 (90.0–95.7)	87.2 (83.4–90.2)	.89
5 years	64.0 (57.9–69.3)	57.2 (51.3–62.7)	.08
10 years	37.8 (30.4–57.6)	28.2 (11.3–48.0)	.07

^a Log-rank test. CI: confidence interval.

Table 3. Overall 1-, 5- and 10-years cumulative survival after surgical resection for NSCLC in female and male patients over and under 66 years of age.

	Age <66 years (n = 332)					Age ≥66 years (n = 360)
	Female (n = 165)	95% CI	Male (n = 167)	95% CI	p-Value^a	Female (n = 159)	95% CI	Male (n = 201)	95% CI	p-Value
1 year	95.8%	91.3–98.0	89.2%	83.4–93.1	.65	91.2%	85.6–94.7	85.6%	79.9–89.7	.71
5 years	67.3%	58.7–74.5	65.6%	57.0–72.9	.38	60.5%	51.8–68.2	49.8%	41.5–57.5	.18
10 years	44.5%	30.4–57.6	52.9%	42.0–62.6	.90	28.2%	11.3–48.0	19.5%	10.0–31.5	.03

^a Log-rank test.

Table 4. Association of overall mortality between the genders and the genders stratified by age. Crude and adjusted for multi-confounding (Cox proportional hazard regression) in a cohort of 692 resected NSCLC patients.

	Crude			Adjusted
Variables	Hazard ratio	95% CI	p-Value	Hazard ratio	95% CI	p-Value
Female^a	1.00			1.00^b
Male	1.21	(0.96–1.53)	.10	1.16	(0.91–1.46)	.23
Female <66 years^a	1.00			1.00^c
Male <66 years	1.01	(0.70–1.45)	.97	0.96	(0.67–1.40)	.84
Female ≥66 years^a	1.00			1.00^c
Male ≥66 years	1.35	(0.99–1.83)	.06	1.20	(0.88–1.65)	.25

^a Reference group;

^b Confounders: stage and lobectomy;

^c Confounders: pack-years of smoking, stage, large cell carcinoma, lobectomy.

Table 1(b). Surgical and histological characteristics of 692 patients resected for NSCLC according to gender and age.

	Age <66 years			Age ≥66 years
	Female (n = 165)	Male (n = 167)	Total (n = 332)	Female (n = 159)	Male (n = 201)	Total (n = 360)
Surgical technique (N, %)
Thoracotomy	152 (92.1)	163 (97.6)	315 (94.9)	147 (92.5)	180 (89.5)	327 (90.8)
VATS	12 (7.3)	3 (1.8)	15 (4.5)	11 (6.9)	17 (8.5)	28 (7.8)
Other	1 (0.6)	1 (0.6)	2 (0.6)	1 (0.6)	4 (2.0)	5 (1.4)
Surgical procedure (N, %)
Lobectomy	121 (73.3)	113 (67.7)^d	234 (70.5)	127 (79.9)	144 (71.6)	271 (75.3)
Sublobar resection	22 (13.3)	16 (9.6)	38 (11.4)*	27 (17.0)	35 (17.4)	62 (17.2)
Pneumonectomy	20 (12.1)^a^,^b	34 (20.4)^d^,^e	54 (16.3)^¤	4 (2.5)^f	21 (10.4)	25 (6.9)
Sleeve	2 (1.2)	4 (2.4)	6 (1.8)	1 (0.6)	1 (0.6)	2 (0.6)
Thoracic drainage (days ± SD)	4.1 ± 5.3	4.1 ± 4.5	4.1 ± 4.9	4.0 ± 2.8	4.4 ± 5.1	4.2 ± 4.2
Histologic subtype (N, %)
Adenocarcinoma	107 (64.8)^c	94 (56.3)	201 (60.5)	103 (64.8)^f	105 (52.2)	208 (57.8)
Squam. cell carcinoma	36 (21.8)^a^,c	58 (34.7)^d	94 (28.3)	38 (23.9)^f	77 (38.3)	115 (31.9)
Carcinoma, NOS	10 (6.1)	8 (4.8)	18 (5.4)	6 (3.8)	15 (7.5)	21 (5.8)
Large cell carcinoma	12 (7.3)^c	7 (4.2)	19 (5.7)	12 (7.6)^f	4 (2.0)	16 (4.4)
Stage (pTNM) (N, %)
Stage Ia + b	115 (69.7)^b	103 (61.7)^d	218 (65.7)	126 (79.3)^f	131 (65.2)	257 (71.4)
Stage IIa + b	50 (30.3)	64 (38.3)	114 (34.3)	33 (20.8)	70 (34.8)	103 (28.6)

* p = .003

¤ p < .001

^a Younger females vs. Younger males, p < .05;

^b Younger females vs. Older females, p < .05;

^c Younger females vs. Older males, p < .05;

^d Younger males vs. Older females, p < .05;

^e Younger males vs. Older males, p < .05;

^f Older females vs. Older males, p < .05.