Bladder-sparing (chemo)radiotherapy in elderly patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective cohort study

Figures & data

Table 1. Baseline characteristics.

	CRT (N = 84)		RT (N = 95)		RC (N = 93)
Baseline variable	n	%	n	%	n	%	p
Age at start treatment
57–69	27	32.1	16	16.9	48	51.6	<0.001
70–79	27	32.1	38	40.0	41	44.1	–
80–88	30	35.7	41	43.0	4	4.3	–
Male	70	85.4	71	74.7	85	91.4	0.01
WHO PS
0	40	47.6	25	26.3	73	79.3	<0.001
1	41	48.8	51	53.7	15	16.3	–
2	3	3.6	19	20.0	4	4.3	–
CCI comorbidity
0–2	33	39.3	29	30.5	47	50.5	0.02
> =3	51	60.7	66	69.5	46	49.5	–
Smoking at diagnosis
Yes	59	70.2	25	26.3	36	38.7	<0.001
No	24	28.6	38	40.0	57	61.3	–
Unknown	1	1.2	32	33.7	0	0.0	–
T stage
T2	67	79.8	71	74.7	46	49.5	<0.001
T3	12	14.3	19	20.0	43	46.2	–
T4	5	6.0	5	5.3	4	4.3	–
Concomitant CIS	24	36.9	11	11.6	30	46.2	0.001

WHO-PS: WHO Performance status; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; CIS: carcinoma in situ; RT: radiotherapy only group; CRT: chemoradiation group; RC: radical cystectomy group.

Figure 1. Local control (Kaplan–Meier estimates) in the radiotherapy only (RT), chemoradiation (CRT), and radical cystectomy (RC) cohorts.

Table 2. Results of the Cox regression analysis for the CRT group for the endpoint of local recurrence within 2 years after start treatment.

	Univariable			Multivariable
Risk factor	HR	95% CI	p	HR	95% CI	p
Age ≥ 75 vs. <75	0.68	0.21–2.23	0.52	–	–	–
Gender female vs. male	2.76	0.81–9.42	0.11	–	–	–
CCI ≥ 3 vs. <3	0.73	0.22–2.39	0.60	–	–	–
Smoking at diagnosis yes vs. no	4.62	0.59–36.2	0.15	–	–	–
WHO PS ≥ 1 vs. 0	3.92	0.85–18.15	0.08	4.13	0.89–19.1	0.07
Additional CIS yes vs. no	0.81	0.21–3.04	0.75	–	–	–
T-stage T3–4 vs. T2	3.18	0.93–10.90	0.07	3.41	0.99–11.7	0.05

WHO-PS: WHO performance status; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; CIS: carcinoma in situ; RT: radiotherapy only group; CRT: chemoradiation group; RC: radical Cystectomy group.

Figure 2. Overall survival (Kaplan–Meier estimates) in the radiotherapy only (RT), chemoradiation (CRT), and radical cystectomy (RC) cohorts.

Table 3. Results of the Cox regression analysis for the CRT group for the endpoint of overall survival within 5 years after start treatment.

	Univariable
Risk factor	HR	95% CI	p
Age ≥ 75 vs. <75	1.01	0.53–1.93	0.99
Gender female vs. male	0.92	0.38–2.20	0.85
CCl ≥ 3 vs. <3	0.75	0.39–1.45	0.39
WHO PS ≥ 1 vs. 0	1.00	0.52–1.91	0.99
Additional CIS yes vs. no	0.79	0.37–1.68	0.54
T-stage T3–4 vs. T2	2.53	1.27–5.04	0.01

WHO-PS: WHO performance status; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; CIS: carcinoma in situ; RT: radiotherapy only group; CRT: chemoradiation group; RC: radical Cystectomy group.

Data availability statement

The data of this study are available upon request; the corresponding author can be contacted for this purpose.