Insulin resistance in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow diagram of study selection.

Table 1. Basic characteristics of the included studies.

First author (reference)	Year	Country	Cancer site	Control, n (M/F)	Control, age, mean (SD)	Patient, n (M/F)	Patient, age, mean (SD)	Insulin dose
Byerley et al. [17]	1991	USA	Head and neck	10 (10/0)	57 (±2)	6 (6/0)	62 (±5)	0.9 mU/kg/min
Cersosimo et al. [19]	1991	USA	Pancreatic	6 (3/3)	57 (±3)	6 (3/3)	62 (±5)	1 mU/kg/min
Cersosimo et al. [23]	1991	USA	Gastrointestinal (3 pancreatic, 1 stomach, 1 esophageal)	5 (NS)	48 (±6)	5 (3/2)	52 (±5)	1 mU/kg/min
Copeland et al. [24]	1987	UK	Colorectal	5 (NS)	68 (±6)	5 (NS)	68 (±5)	40 mU/m^2/min
de Melo et al. [25]	2018	Brazil	Thyroid	20 (0/20)	30.8 (±8.5)	20 (0/20)	36.8 (±10.2)	40 mU/m^2/min
Dodesini et al. [26]	2007	Italy	Mixed (2 lung, 1 stomach, 2 ovary)^a	10 (7/3)	55 (±8)	5 (3/2)	61 (±17)	1 mU/kg/min
Heslin et al. [27]	1992	USA	Mixed (5 lung, 3 stomach, 3 esophageal, 2 pancreatic, 1 stomach, 2 colon)^b	10 (5/5)	53 (±3)	16 (11/5)	58 (±3)	1 mU/kg/min
Makino et al. [28]	1998	Japan	Mixed (1 esophageal, 12 stomach, 4 colon, 6 lung)^a	6 (2/4)	57 (NS)	23 (15/8)	62 (±1.7)	40 mU/m^2/min
McCall et al. [29]	1992	Australia	Gastrointestinal (9 colorectal, 1 pancreatic, 1 stomach)	10 (6/4)	60 (±3.8)	11 (6/5)	67 (±3.1)	20 mU/m^2/min
Minn et al. [20]	1994	Finland	Lymphoma	6 (6/0)	29 (±2)	6 (5/1)	61 (±5)	1 mU/kg/min
Tayek [21]	1995	USA	Head and neck	8 (8/0)	52 (±2)	7 (6/1)	59 (±2)	1 mU/kg/min
Winter et al. [22]	2012	Canada	Lung	10 (NS)	63 (±2)	10 (NS)	66 (±2)	1.34 mU/kgLBM/min
Yoshikawa et al. [30]	2001	Japan	Mixed (17 stomach, 7 colorectal, 8 lung)^a	6 (NS)	(NS)	32 (NS)	(NS)	40 mU/m^2/min
Yoshikawa et al. [31]	1999	Japan	Mixed (10 stomach, 5 lung, 3 colorectal, 1 esophageal)	5 (3/2)	51.8 (±13.8)	19 (16/3)	59.4 (±8)	40 mU/m^2/min
Yoshikawa et al. [32]	1994	Japan	Mixed (6 stomach, 3 breast, 3 lung, 2 colorectal, 1 esophageal, 1 liver, 1 thyroid)	3 (NS)	50 (±9)	17 (NS)	58 (±9)	40 mU/m^2/min

M/F: male/female; SD: standard deviation; NS: not stated; LBM: lean body mass.

^aStudies in which data were provided separately for each cancer site.

^bThe study where data were separated into weight-maintaining and weight-losing patients.

Figure 2. Forest plot for the studies assessing the Rd (rate of disposal; mg/kg/min) during an hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp. Mean difference (MD), standard deviation (SD), and confidence interval (CI).

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Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, LS, upon reasonable request.