Patient-reported lower limb edema after primary radiotherapy for prostate cancer

Figures & data

Figure 1. Flow-chart of patient selection for the study.

Table 1. Patient, disease and treatment characteristics at baseline.

Patient, disease and treatment characteristics			N = 302
Median age, years (range)			70 (50–78)
WHO performance status (%)	0		84.5
	1		15.5
Charlson comorbidity index (%)	None		57.4
	Mild (score 1–2)		36.1
	Moderate (score 3–4)		6.2
	Severe (score 5–6)		0.3
Tobacco (%)	Smoker		22.7
	Previous smoker		48.3
	Non-smoker		30.0
Body mass index (%)	Underweight	BMI <18.5	0.4
	Normal	BMI 18.5–24.9	22.9
	Overweight	BMI 25–29.9	46.6
	Obese	BMI 30–34.9	21.5
	Extremely Obese	BMI ≥35	8.6
T-stage (%)	Tx		0.3
	1(a–c)		17.5
	2(a–c)		19.5
	3a		39.9
	3b		22.8
Median prostate specific antigen (µg/L) (range)			15 (2–126)
Median gleason score (range)			7 (6–9)
Radiotherapy targets (%)	Prostate		14.2
	Prostate and pelvic lymph nodes		85.8
Androgen deprivation therapy (%)	No		9.3
	6 months		12.9
	36 months		77.8

Proportions are given in percentages of total; continuous variables are given with median and range.

Figure 2. Prevalence rates of patient reported outcome in 302 prostate cancer patients after radiotherapy (EORTC QLQ-PR25) for item 46: ‘have you had swelling in your legs or ankles?’ with answer categories ‘not at all’, ‘a little’, ‘quite a bit’ or ‘very much’.

BL: baseline; EOT: end of treatment; M: months.

Table 2. Univariable and multivariable analysis of prognostic factors for patient reported outcome (EORTC QLQ-PR25) for item 46: ‘have you had swelling in your legs or ankles?’ in 302 prostate cancer patients reporting ‘quite a bit’ or ‘very much’ after definitive radiotherapy.

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95%CI	P	HR	95%CI	P
Age	1.007	0.966–1.050	0.729
Androgen deprivation therapy
No	Ref.
Yes	2,979	0.762–7.707	0.084	1.806	0.440–7.401	0.401
Pelvic lymph node Irradiation
No	Ref.
Yes	2.325	0.936–5.774	0.069	1.529	0.498–4.696	0.458
Body mass index	1.100	1.043–1.160	<0.001	1.091	1.034–1.151	0.002
Charlson comorbidity index	1.227	1.005–1.497	0.044	1.176	0.946–1.461	0.145
Performance status
0	Ref.
1	0.594	0.336–1.052	0.074	0.838	0.448–1.567	0.580

Age, Body Mass Index and Charlson Comorbidity Index are analysed as continious variables. Other prognostic factors are analysed as categorical variables.

Figure 3. Kaplan-Meier actuarial estimates for patient reported outcome (EORTC QLQ-PR25) for item 46: ‘Have you had swelling in your legs or ankles?’ in 302 prostate cancer patients reporting ‘quite a bit’ or ‘very much’ after definitive radiotherapy. Patients are stratified according to Body Mass Index (BMI) in normal weight patients (BMI < 25), overweight patients (BMI 25.0–29.9) and obese patients (BMI ≥ 30).

Data availability statement

The authors confirms that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article. Raw data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.