The clear model as a predictor of candidacy for council membership

Figures & data

Figure 1. Self-determination theory framework (Ryan and Deci 2000a).

Table 1. Correlation matrix ***Correlation is significant at the 0.00 level (2-tailed); ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed); * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
1. Candidacy	0.09	0.29	1.00
2. Sex	0.55	0.50	-,073**	1.00
3.age	57.11	17.24	-,115**	-8.00	1.00
4.Level of education in CBS-cat	3.23	1.49	0.05	-,081**	-,280**	1.00
5.income	2228.18	1645.89	0.00	-,356**	-0.01	,394**	1.00
6. Single	0.29	0.45	-0.02	0.00	,139**	-,070*	,061*	1.00
7. Living together, no children	0.41	0.49	-0.01	-,066*	,337**	-,073**	-,079**	-,530**	1.00
8. Living together, with children	0.25	0.43	0.00	0.02	-,448**	,157**	0.05	-,366**	-,482**	1.00
9. Single with children	0.05	0.22	0.05	,110**	-,158**	0.00	-0.05	-,149**	-,196**	-,135**	1.00
10. Job or school	0.47	0.50	,075**	-0.04	-,663**	,300**	,294**	-,152**	-,242**	,377**	,113**	1.00
11. Unemployed	0.21	0.40	-0.02	,186**	,074**	-,176**	-,329**	0.03	0.01	-0.04	0.01	-,482**	1.00
12. Retired	0.32	0.47	-,065*	-,119**	,644**	-,168**	-0.03	,136**	,256**	-,368**	-,130**	-,652**	-,351**	1.00
13. Amotivation	2.82	1.12	-,141**	0.05	0.04	-,097**	-,108**	-0.01	0.04	-0.03	-0.02	-0.05	0.02	0.04	1.00
14. Extrinsic motivation	1.66	0.76	,337**	-0.02	-,106**	0.03	-0.04	0.02	-,082**	,066*	0.02	0.02	0.01	-0.03	0.00
15. Intrinsic motivation	2.00	1.02	,414**	-,075**	-0.02	,130**	,073**	0.01	-0.02	0.02	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	0.04	-,114**
16. Relative working as council member	0.05	0.23	,108**	-0.04	0.04	,055*	,061*	-,060*	,101**	-0.04	-0.02	-0.03	-0.01	0.03	-0.05
17. Participating in labor union	0.08	0.28	,055*	-,168**	0.05	0.05	,115**	0.00	0.02	0.01	-,057*	0.03	-,081**	0.04	0.00
18. Participating in religious organization	0.09	0.28	-0.01	-0.01	,100**	0.01	-0.03	-0.03	0.03	0.01	-0.03	-,086**	0.03	,067*	-0.04
19.participating in sport or recreation	0.23	0.42	0.00	-,079**	-0.01	,139**	,104**	-0.05	0.03	0.03	-0.05	0.04	-,106**	0.05	,072**
20. Participating in welfare	0.04	0.19	0.02	0.04	0.02	0.04	-0.01	,056*	0.01	-0.04	-0.05	-,054*	,082**	-0.01	-0.01
21. Participating in music, culture or art	0.07	0.26	0.01	0.01	,058*	0.05	,057*	-0.01	,064*	-0.05	-0.02	-0.05	-0.03	,075**	-0.01
22. Participating in animal rights organization	0.01	0.09	,057*	0.03	-0.02	0.01	-0.02	-0.02	0.02	-0.01	0.02	0.00	0.04	-0.03	-0.01
23. Participating in human rights organization	0.01	0.10	-0.03	0.05	-0.01	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.01	-0.02	-0.02	-0.01	-0.02	0.02	-0.02
24. Participating in environmental organization	0.02	0.14	0.01	-0.04	,072**	,071**	0.05	0.00	,064*	-,072*	-0.01	-0.05	-0.05	,094**	-0.01
25. Social support	2.61	4.65	,257**	-,094*	-,468**	,231**	,125**	-,125**	-,091*	,186**	0.01	,366**	-,098*	-,354**	-,179**
26. Working for political party	0.01	0.08	0.04	-0.02	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.03	-0.03	0.02	-0.02	0.00	0.03	-0.02	-0.04
27. Ever invited to become councilor	0.03	0.18	0.04	-,106**	,096**	,063*	,082**	-0.01	,068*	-0.04	-0.04	-,076**	-0.02	,102**	-,068*
28. Influence	2.38	7.83	,129**	-,111**	-,070*	,084**	,088**	-0.01	-0.04	,071*	-0.01	,093**	-0.05	-0.05	-,094**
	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27
1. Candidacy
2. Sex
3.age
4.Level of education in CBS-cat
5.income
6. Single
7. Living together, no children
8. Living together, with children
9. Single with children
10. Job or school
11. Unemployed
12. Retired
13. Amotivation
14. Extrinsic motivation	1.00
15. Intrinsic motivation	,803**	1.00
16. Relative working as council member	0.05	,116**	1.00
17. Participating in labor union	0.03	,064*	-0.02	1.00
18. Participating in religious organization	-0.01	0.04	,115**	,061*	1.00
19.participating in sport or recreation	-0.03	0.00	0.03	,058*	0.03	1.00
20. Participating in welfare	0.00	0.03	0.02	-0.02	,133**	0.01	1.00
21. Participating in music, culture or art	-0.01	0.05	,124**	-0.03	,107**	,089**	,079**	1.00
22. Participating in animal rights organization	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.00	0.00	0.03	-0.02	0.01	1.00
23. Participating in human rights organization	0.04	,059*	-0.02	0.02	-0.01	0.03	0.02	0.03	,072**	1.00
24. Participating in environmental organization	0.02	0.04	0.01	0.01	-0.03	0.04	,082**	,082**	0.05	,194**	1.00
25. Social support	,233**	,278**	,107*	0.02	-0.05	0.04	-0.01	0.02	0.05	-0.02	-0.06	1.00
26. Working for political party	0.02	,106**	,102**	-0.02	,105**	0.04	0.03	0.01	-0.01	,081**	,118**	0.04	1.00
27. Ever invited to become councilor	0.05	,145**	,213**	0.05	0.03	0.05	0.05	0.04	,075**	0.02	,062*	0.01	,238**	1.00
28. Influence	,140**	,176**	0.01	0.02	,057*	-0.03	0.02	0.03	,096**	-0.02	0.02	,217**	0.03	0.05

Table 2. Regression analysis.

	B	S.E.	Wald	Df	Sig.	Exp(B)	95% C.I.for EXP(B)
Predicting variable							Lower	Upper
Sex (1 = female)	−0,471	0,436	1,163	1	0,281	0,625	0,266	1,469
Age	−0,015	0,016	0,898	1	0,343	0,985	0,954	1,017
Level of Education (CBS Category)	−0,170	0,156	1,186	1	0,276	0,843	0,621	1,146
Income	0,000	0,000	2,623	1	0,105	1,000	1,000	1,000
Living together no children (ref.cat = single)	−0,061	0,573	0,011	1	0,915	0,941	0,306	2,891
Living together with children (ref.cat = single)	−1,182	0,599	3,898	1	0,048	0,307	0,095	0,991
Single with children (ref.cat = single)	−1,134	1,326	0,731	1	0,392	0,322	0,024	4,326
Unemployed (ref.cat = job or school)	0,128	0,641	0,040	1	0,842	1,136	0,324	3,987
Retired (ref.cat = job or school)	−1,870	0,899	4,323	1	0,038	0,154	0,026	0,898
Relative working as council member	0,734	0,675	1,183	1	0,277	2,083	0,555	7,817
Participation in labour union	0,553	0,577	0,916	1	0,339	1,738	0,560	5,389
Participation in religious organisation	−0,119	0,653	0,033	1	0,856	0,888	0,247	3,194
Participation in sport or recreation	−0,210	0,504	0,174	1	0,677	0,810	0,302	2,177
Participation in welfare	0,066	1,112	0,004	1	0,952	1,069	0,121	9,445
Participation in music, culture, art	0,717	0,764	0,881	1	0,348	2,048	0,458	9,149
Amotivation	−0,716	0,276	6,727	1	0,009	0,489	0,285	0,840
Extrinsic motivation	−0,023	0,354	0,004	1	0,948	0,977	0,488	1,955
Intrinsic motivation	1,710	0,334	26,241	1	0,000	5,530	2,874	10,639
Enabled (social support)	0,153	0,052	8,747	1	0,003	1,166	1,053	1,290
Asked (ever invited to become council member)	−0,817	0,897	0,829	1	0,362	0,442	0,076	2,564
Responsive (Influence)	−0,006	0,026	0,048	1	0,827	0,994	0,944	1,047
Hosmer and Lemeshow test	Chi-Square 9,422			8	0,308
Nagelkerke R Square					0,546
N	477

Note: n is lower than the original sample due to missing cases of independent variables. Three variables (participation in animal rights organisation, human rights organisation and environmental organisation) were deleted from the analyses due to skewness.

Table 3. Classification Table.

Observed			Predicted
			Candidacy		Percentage Correct
			No	Yes
	Candidacy	No	413	8	98,1
		Yes	29	27	48,2
	Overall Percentage				92,2

a. The cut value is ,500

Table 4. Differences in CLEAR dimensions among societal groups.

		Amotivation			Intrinsic motivation			Enabled
		Mean	F	Sig	Mean	F	Sig	Mean	F	Sig
Sex	Male	2.76	0.71	0.40	2.08	1.14	0.29	2.72	2.64	0.11
	Female	2.87			1.93			2.51
Age	15–24	2.92	1.69	0.14	2.14	1.55	0.17	3.32	32.44	0.00***
	25–34	2.75			2.11			3.42
	35–44	2.71			2.02			2.91
	45–54	2.77			1.86			2.64
	55–64	2.73			1.93			2.53
	> 65	2.92			2.03			1.75
Education level	Elementary school	2.87	3.52	0.00***	1.95	7.73	0.00***	2.24	7.79	0.00***
	High school – low	2.97			1.82			2.22
	High school – high	2.70			2.18			2.84
	Lower professional education	2.78			1.99			2.7
	Middle professional education	2.68			2.11			2.83
	Higher professional education	2.61			2.42			3.04
Housing situation	Single	2.82	0.08	0.49	2.01	0.42	0.73	2.32	7.55	0.00***
	Living together with no children	2.88			1.96			2.48
	Living together with children	2.77			2.02			2.89
	Single with children	2.74			1.91			2.68
Primary occupation	Unemployed	2.86	1.86	0.16	1.95	1.12	0.33	2.29	50.23	0.00***
	Job or school	2.76			1.97			2.88
	Retired	2.89			2.05			1.73
Income	0–1,500	2.80	3.74	0.01**	1.92	2.79	0.04**	2.54	0.88	0.48
	1,501–2,500	2.90			2.01			2.61
	2,501–4,000	2.78			1.93			2.80
	> 4,001	2.43			2.28			2.67

***ANOVA is significant at the 0.00 level (2-tailed); ** ANOVA is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed); * ANOVA is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed)

Ryan, R. M., and E. L. Deci. 2000a. “Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions.” Contemporary Educational Psychology 25 (1): 54–67. doi:10.1006/ceps.1999.1020.

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