From online trolls to ‘Slut Shaming’: understanding the role of incivility and gender abuse in local government

Figures & data

Figure 1. Men and Women councillor’s experiences of incivility and gender abuse over two time periods: during the election campaign and first year in office. Note: Numbers indicate percentage of councillors who report they have experienced a given behaviour at least once during the election campaign/first year in the office. Patterned columns = men; block colored columns = women.

Table 1. Linear Regression Results Predicting Incivility during the Election Campaign and First Year in Office.

	Generalised Incivility		Gender-Based Incivility
	Election Period	First Year of Office	Election Period	First Year of Office
Predictor	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
(Intercept)	3.01**	2.30**	1.16**	1.27**
Gender	0.12	0.24	0.68**	0.49**
Age	−0.03**	−0.02*	−0.02*	−0.01*
Location	−0.48**	−0.02*	−0.07	−0.12
CALD	0.02	0.42	0.24	0.46
R-Square	.20**	0.14***	0.14***	0.13***
N=	183	181	183	181

*p < .05. **p < .01, ***p<.001; gender: woman = 1, man = 0; location: regional/rural = 1, metro = 0; CALD = 1, non-CALD = 0.

Table 2. Linear Regression Results Predicting Incivility with Gender and CALD status.

	Generalised Incivility		Gender-Based Incivility
	Election Period	First Year of Office	Election Period	First Year of Office
Predictor	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
(Intercept)	3.08**	2.30***	1.29***	1.27**
Gender	0.06	0.27	0.56	0.45
Age	−0.03**	−0.02*	−0.02**	−0.01*
Location	−0.50**	−0.25	−0.09	−0.12
CALD	−0.32	0.57	−0.38	0.28
Gender X CALD	0.63	−0.30	1.12*	0.33
R-Square	.21**	0.14**	0.16**	0.14**
N=	183	181	183	181

*p < .05. **p < .01, ***p<.001; gender: woman = 1, man = 0; location: regional/rural = 1, metro = 0; CALD = 1, non-CALD = 0.

Table 3. Linear regression results predicting incivility with gender and age.

	Incivility		Gender-Based Incivility
	Election Period	First Year of Office	Election Period	First Year of Office
Predictor	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
(Intercept)	3.58***	2.69***	0.53	1.06*
Gender	−0.98	−0.56	1.89**	0.93
Age	−0.04***	−0.02**	−0.01	−0.01
Location	−0.49**	−0.25	−0.06	−0.12
CALD	−0.02	0.44*	0.29	0.44
Gender x Age	0.02	0.02	−0.02	−0.01
R-Square	.22**	0.15**	0.16**	0.14**
N=	183	181	183	181

*p < .05. **p < .01, ***p<.001; gender: woman = 1, man = 0; location: regional/rural = 1, metro = 0; CALD = 1, non-CALD = 0.

Figure 2. Summary of Interview findings of how younger women experience incivility and gender incivility and its consequences for them.

Figure 3. Source of incivility for candidates during an election campaign and councillors in their first year in office.