Wender Utah Rating Scale-25 (WURS-25): psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the Swedish translation

Figures & data

Figure 1. Recruitment to the study.

Table 1. The principal component factor analysis of the wender Utah rating scale-25 (WURS-25) in young psychiatric patients (n = 121).

	Factor 1: Impulsivity/behavioural problems	Factor 2: Inattentiveness/school problems	Factor 3: Self-esteem/negative mood
	7. Hot- or short-tempered	3. Concentration problems	4. Anxious, worrying
	9. Temper outbursts	6. Inattentive, daydreaming	5. Nervous, fidgety
	11. Stubborn, strong-willed	10. Trouble with stick-to-it-iveness	12. Sad or blue, depressed, unhappy
	15. Disobedient with parents, rebellious	25. Tend to be immature	16. Low opinion of myself
	17. Irritable	51. Overall a poor student	26. Feel guilty, regretful
	20. Moody, ups and downs	56. Trouble with mathematics
	21. Feel angry	59. Did not achieve up to potential
	24. Acting without thinking, impulsive
	27. Lose control of myself
	28. Tend to be or act irrational
	29. Unpopular with other children
	40. Trouble seeing things from someone else’s point of view
	41. Trouble with authorities, trouble with school
Eigenvalue	11.643	2.013	1.667
% of variance	46.6	8.0	6.7
Cronbach’s alpha	0.939	0.833	0.809

Table 2. Results on WURS-25 in different diagnostic groups, for the 121 participating young adult psychiatric patients. Comparisons of mean scores (standard deviation, SD) using ANOVA, reflecting discriminative validity.

	a) ADHD (n = 40) mean (SD)	b) BPD (n = 17) mean (SD)	c) BP(n = 30) mean (SD)	d) BPD and BP (n = 14) mean (SD)	e) Subclinical cases (n = 20) mean (SD)	F	P	Post hoc
WURS-25 total	61.7 (19.3)	31.1 (15.5)	28.1 (20.9)	33.0 (12.9)	35.3 (16.5)	19.099	<0.001	a > b,c,d,e
Impulsivity/behavioural problems	31.9 (11.7)	15.0 (8.6)	13.9 (12.2)	16.3 (8.3)	15.4 (10.3)	16.289	<0.001	a > b,c,d,e
Inattentiveness/school problems	18.0 (4.9)	9.4 (5.3)	7.2 (6.4)	8.2 (5.0)	11.25 (6.0)	19.789	<0.001	a > b,c,d,e
Self-esteem/negative mood	11.8 (5.0)	6.7 (4.2)	7.0 (5.4)	8.5 (4.4)	8.6 (4.0)	5.772	<0.001	a > b,c
Number of axis I diagnoses	2.3	2.9	1.9	1.9	2.0	1.992	0.100
Number of axis II diagnoses	1.5	2.5	0.5	1.9	0.8	6.827	<0.001	b > c,d,e

ADHD: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; BPD: borderline personality disorder; BD: bipolar disorder; WURS-25: Wender Utah Rating Scale-25.

Figure 2. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analysis for the WURS-25 in a clinical psychiatric sample (n = 121) diagnosed with ADHD, BD, BPD, or subclinical cases.

Table 3. Diagnostic accuracy of the WURS-25 in identifying ADHD; results from those who performed the WURS-25 within 30 days or more than 30 days after the K-SADS interview are presented separately.

	All WURS-25 (n = 121)				WURS-25 performed within 30 days from the K-SADS (n = 66)				WURS-25 performed more than 30 days from the K-SADS (n = 55)
WURS cut-off	36	38	39	46	36	38	39	46	36	38	39	46
Sensitivity	0.90	0.88	0.88	0.80	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.95	0.85	0.80	0.80	0.65
Specificity	0.59	0.68	0.70	0.80	0.63	0.69	0.69	0.76	0.54	0.63	0.66	0.86
PPV	0.52	0.58	0.59	0.66	0.56	0.60	0.60	0.66	0.48	0.52	0.54	0.70
NPV	0.92	0.92	0.92	0.89	0.96	0.97	0.97	0.97	0.88	0.86	0.87	0.83

K-SADS: Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children; NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value; WURS-25: Wender Utah Rating Scale-25.