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Special issue: Fossil vertebrates from southern Zealandia

Revisiting Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman (Trichiuroidea: Gempylidae), an Eocene gemfish from the Burnside Mudstone, Dunedin, New Zealand

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Received 26 Mar 2023, Accepted 14 Jun 2023, Published online: 12 Jul 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. Map of the fossil locality at Burnside, Dunedin, South Island, New Zealand. Map produced with S. Read (OU Geology).

Figure 1. Map of the fossil locality at Burnside, Dunedin, South Island, New Zealand. Map produced with S. Read (OU Geology).

Figure 2. Stratigraphic column of locality. Boundaries are based on McMillan and Wilson (Citation1997).

Figure 2. Stratigraphic column of locality. Boundaries are based on McMillan and Wilson (Citation1997).

Figure 3. Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, composite photograph of syntypes and associated material (OU 6329 a, b, OU 6332, OU 6854 a, b, c, d). Key to image: A, partial skull, OU 6854 c; B, piece containing lower jaw and opercular elements, part of tooth-bearing mandible labelled by Chapman, OU 6854 d; C, reverse side of OU 6854 d with preopercular labelled; D, close-up of maxillary teeth, OU 6854 a; E, abdominal region including vertebrae, rays, scales and small anal? fin, OU 6329 a; F, pectoral fin, OU 6854 a; G, partial pectoral fin labelled by Chapman, OU 6332; H, partial? fin, reverse side of OU 6332; I, caudal endoskeleton, OU 6854 b; J, trunk portion with scales labelled by Chapman, OU 6329 b. Note B, C, E, G, H and J were examined by Chapman (Citation1935). All scale bars 20 mm unless indicated otherwise.

Figure 3. Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, composite photograph of syntypes and associated material (OU 6329 a, b, OU 6332, OU 6854 a, b, c, d). Key to image: A, partial skull, OU 6854 c; B, piece containing lower jaw and opercular elements, part of tooth-bearing mandible labelled by Chapman, OU 6854 d; C, reverse side of OU 6854 d with preopercular labelled; D, close-up of maxillary teeth, OU 6854 a; E, abdominal region including vertebrae, rays, scales and small anal? fin, OU 6329 a; F, pectoral fin, OU 6854 a; G, partial pectoral fin labelled by Chapman, OU 6332; H, partial? fin, reverse side of OU 6332; I, caudal endoskeleton, OU 6854 b; J, trunk portion with scales labelled by Chapman, OU 6329 b. Note B, C, E, G, H and J were examined by Chapman (Citation1935). All scale bars 20 mm unless indicated otherwise.

Figure 4. Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, photograph of skull OU 6854 c, ventral view.

Figure 4. Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, photograph of skull OU 6854 c, ventral view.

Figure 5. Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, line drawing of skull OU 6854 c, ventral view. Abbreviations: af, anterior premaxillary fang; boc, basioccipital; eth, ethmoid; fr, frontal; mx, maxilla; os, orbitosphenoid; pas, parasphenoid; pl, palatine; pmx, premaxilla; pro, prootic; pto, pterotic; spo, sphenotic; su, supraorbital, vo, vomer.

Figure 5. Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, line drawing of skull OU 6854 c, ventral view. Abbreviations: af, anterior premaxillary fang; boc, basioccipital; eth, ethmoid; fr, frontal; mx, maxilla; os, orbitosphenoid; pas, parasphenoid; pl, palatine; pmx, premaxilla; pro, prootic; pto, pterotic; spo, sphenotic; su, supraorbital, vo, vomer.

Figure 6. Photograph of part of abdominal region of Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, syntype OU 6329, lateral view.

Figure 6. Photograph of part of abdominal region of Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, syntype OU 6329, lateral view.

Figure 7. Restoration of caudal skeleton of Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, based on syntype OU 6854 b, lateral view.

Figure 7. Restoration of caudal skeleton of Eothyrsites holosquamatus Chapman, based on syntype OU 6854 b, lateral view.