Food prices in New Zealand: implications for feeding people better

Figures & data

Figure 1. Price indices of food categories. Note: The shaded area in this and the following figures represents the period after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Figure 2. Twelve-month moving averages of food indices.

Figure 3. Twelve-month moving averages of normalised real food prices.

Figure 4. Twelve-month moving averages of relative real price of sweetened foods vis-à-vis other foods.

Table 1. Mann-Kendall tests and linear regressions.

Sweetened food prices relative to price of	$\mathit{\tau }$ statistics	Slope coefficients
Dairy	–0.882***	–0.002***
Fruits	–0.362***	–0.001***
Vegetables	–0.535***	–0.002***
Processed meats	–0.452***	–0.001***
Unprocessed meats	–0.608***	–0.001***

Note: *** denotes significance at 1%. The slope coefficients represent the coefficients of the time trends in the linear regressions.

Table A1. Food classifications

Dairy	Sweetened foods
Butter – salted, 500g	Biscuits – chocolate, 200g
Cheese – mild cheddar (supermarket only), 1kg	Biscuits, plain (e.g. arrowroot, ginger, malt, wine), 250g
Cheese, camembert, 125g	Cakes and biscuits, takeaway
Cheese, processed slices, 250g	Chilled fruit juice or smoothies, 1 to 1.5 litre
Cream, 300 ml – Cheapest Available	Chocolate – block (supermarket only), 250g
Milk – standard homogenised, 2 litres	Chocolate blocks, convenience stores, 100 g to 250g
Milk, calcium enriched, 2 litres	Chocolate novelty bars, 50g
Fruit	Chocolate, boxed, loose, 250g
Apples, 1kg	Dessert, frozen, 500g
Avocado, 1kg	Drinking chocolate, 300g
Bananas, 1kg	Fruit flavoured drink powder, multipack of 3–5
Berries, frozen, 500g	Ice cream bought in bulk, 2 litres
Grapes, green or red	Ice cream novelty, chocolate coated, each
Kiwifruit, 1kg	Jam, 375g
Mandarins, 1kg	Packaged cake slice, 300g
Oranges, 1kg	Soft drink, 1.5 litres
Pears, 1kg	Soft drinks, 600ml
Pineapple, 1kg	Soft drinks, poured
Sultanas (supermarket only), 375g	Sports energy drinks, 250ml
Tomatoes, 1kg	Sports energy drinks, 350ml
Processed meat	Sugar – white, 1.5kg
Bacon – middle rashers (supermarket only), 700g	Sweets, 200g
Chicken nuggets, frozen, 1kg	Takeaway muffins and buns, each
Corned beef, fresh, chilled or frozen, 1kg	Yoghurt – flavoured, 150 g bottle (supermarket only), pk of 6
Fish and chips, One fish/chips	Vegetables
Fried and other takeaway chicken, 5 pieces	Beans, 1kg
Ham, sliced or shaved, 1kg	Broccoli, 1kg
Meat pie – hot, each	Cabbage, 1kg
Meat pies, chilled, 6 or 8 pack – cheapest available	Capsicums, green, else red, 1kg
Salami, 100g	Carrots, 1kg
Sausages, 1kg	Cauliflower, 1kg
Unprocessed meat	Celery, 1kg
Beef – mince, 1kg	Courgettes, 1kg
Beef steak – blade, 1kg	Cucumber, 1kg
Beef steak – porterhouse/sirloin, 1kg	Dried mixed herbs, 10 g to 15g
Chicken breast, 1kg	Kumara, 1kg
Chicken, whole, frozen, No. 15 – cheapest available	Lettuce, 1kg
Fish fillets, frozen, multipack, 500g	Mixed vegetables, frozen, 1kg
Fresh fish, 1kg	Mushrooms, 1kg
Lamb – chops, 1kg	Onions, 1kg
Mussels, live, 1kg	Parsnips, 1kg
Pork – loin chops, 1kg	Peas – frozen (supermarket only), 1kg
Prawns, frozen, 700g	Potatoes, 1kg
Roasting lamb and hogget, fresh, chilled or frozen, 1kg	Pumpkin, 1kg
Roasting pork, fresh, chilled or frozen, 1kg