Notes
This does not include the pre-capitalist era of mercantilism, which was marked by the removal of up to twenty million Africans from the continent.
See various online responses to the question ‘How many times has France intervened in Africa since 1960?’ Available at: http://www.google.co.uk/search?source=ig&rlz=1G1ACAW_ENUK408&q=how+many+times+have+france+intervened+in+africa+since+1960&oq=how+many+times+have+france+intervened+in+africa+since+1960&gs_l=igoogle.3…463193.482917.0.484218.58.10.0.48.48.0.98.739.10.10.0…0.0…1ac.1.FMPdv8RuZ6I. Accessed 30 January 2013.