Robust flight-to-gate assignment with landside capacity constraints

Figures & data

Figure 1. Example of three splitting options for flights without overnight-stay.

Figure 2. Flights with overnight-stay and morning departure.

Figure 3. Flights with evening arrival and overnight-stay.

Figure 4. Example of $p_{l,t,arr},f{p}_{l,t,dep}$ and $f{p}_{l,t}$ for a flight l without an overnight-stay. This flight has a STA = 06:50 and STD = 14:25.

Figure 5. Example value of ${\lambda }_{i,p,q,t}$ of flight segment $i$ at facility (1) in terminal $q$ during time step $t$, with $t_{i,p,q}^s$= 130, $t_{i,p,q}^e$= 142, ${\lambda }_{i,p,q,t}\le 1.$

Figure 6. Example value of ${\gamma }_{i,p,q,t}$ of flight segment i at facility (1) in terminal $q$ during time step $t$, with $t_{i,p,q}^s$= 130, $t_{i,p,q}^e$= 142, $\sum _t{\gamma }_{i,p,q,t}=1.$

Figure 7. Example value of ${\lambda }_{i,p,q,t}$of flight segment $i$ at facility (2) in terminal $q$ during time step $t$, with $t_{i,p,q}^s$= 120, $t_{i,p,q}^e$= 150, $\sum _t{\lambda }_{i,p,q,t}\le 1.$

Figure 8. Example value of ${\gamma }_{i,p,q,t}$ of flight segment i at facility (2) in terminal $q$ during time step $t$, with $t_{i,p,q}^s$= 120, $t_{i,p,q}^e$= 150, $\sum _t{\gamma }_{i,p,q,t}=1.$

Figure 9. Example of 3 splitting options for flights without overnight-stay.

Figure 10. Generic topology of an airport terminal.

Table 1. Overview of landside facilities.

	Group Name	Pax Stream	Facilities Included
A1	Immigration	Arriving	Passenger immigration services
A2	Baggage Claim	Arriving	Baggage claim
T1	Security	Transfer	Transfer security services
D1	Check-In	Departing	Check-in & baggage drop
D2	Security & Border Control	Departing	Security services & border control

Note: Facility-specific expressions for $t_{i,p,q}^s$ and$t_{i,p,q}^e$ (see Section 2.3) are given in Table 2.

Table 2. Expressions of $t_{i,p,q}^s$ and$t_{i,p,q}^e$ for terminal facilities.

Facility	$t_{i,p,q}^s$	$t_{i,p,q}^e$
A1	STAi + T1	STAi + T1 + T3
A2	STAi + T1 + T2	STAi + T1 + T2 + T3
T1	STAi + T1	STAi + T1 + T3
D1	STDi − T4− T6	STDi − T6
D2	STDi − T4 + T5− T6	STDi + T5− T6

Table 3. Overview of estimated declared capacity (passengers) per hour of landside facilities at AMS.

Terminal	A1	A2	T1	D1	D2
Terminal 1	N/A	3,420	N/A	1,690	3,040
Terminal 2	2,840	2,840	3,420	1,380	2,700
Terminal 3	2,500	2,500	1,080	1,230	2,220
Terminal 4	N/A	990	N/A	495	900

Figure 11. Assignment of flight segments to gates under the A-FGAP model.

Figure 12. Gate assignment planning obtained using the DC-FGAP model.

Figure 13. Gate assignment planning obtained using the WT-FGAP, W^T = 25 min.

Figure 14. Comparison of functional flight segment allocation to gates: DC-FGAP model vs. A-FGAP model.

Figure 15. Comparison of functional flight segment allocation to gates: WT-FGAP model vs. A-FGAP model.

Figure 16. A-FGAP: demand-capacity ratios $m_{p,q}$.

Figure 17. A-FGAP: maximum waiting time $W_{p,q}^{max}$

Figure 18. DC-FGAP: demand-capacity ratios $m_{p,q}$.

Figure 19. DC-FGAP: maximum waiting time $W_{p,q}^{max}$.

Figure 20. WT-FGAP: demand-capacity ratio $m_{p,q}$.

Figure 21. WT-FGAP: maximum waiting time $W_{p,q}^{max}$.