Figures & data
Figure 2. Cumulative mortality of Eristalis tenax after exposure to imidacloprid after 3, 7 and 14 days, (a) indoors and (b) outdoors. The data are expressed as mean ± SE. Mortality data in the treatments were converted into percentage mortality based on mortality data from the respective controls. Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences between the treatments at p ˂ 0.05.
![Figure 2. Cumulative mortality of Eristalis tenax after exposure to imidacloprid after 3, 7 and 14 days, (a) indoors and (b) outdoors. The data are expressed as mean ± SE. Mortality data in the treatments were converted into percentage mortality based on mortality data from the respective controls. Different letters above the bars indicate significant differences between the treatments at p ˂ 0.05.](/cms/asset/514635e2-486c-4269-ba9c-22c7a6be3c3e/lesb_a_2343598_f0002_b.jpg)
Figure 3. Activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the hoverfly larvae of Eristalis tenax exposed to imidacloprid contaminated substrate for 3, 7 and 14 days, a) indoors and b) outdoors. Data is expressed as mean ± SE. Different letters indicate significant differences between the treatments at p ˂ 0.05.
![Figure 3. Activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the hoverfly larvae of Eristalis tenax exposed to imidacloprid contaminated substrate for 3, 7 and 14 days, a) indoors and b) outdoors. Data is expressed as mean ± SE. Different letters indicate significant differences between the treatments at p ˂ 0.05.](/cms/asset/65c42bbb-6730-4807-a627-d6e14bffdffd/lesb_a_2343598_f0003_b.jpg)
Figure 4. Activity of catalase (CAT) in the hoverfly larvae of Eristalis tenax exposed to imidacloprid contaminated substrate for 3, 7 and 14 days, a) indoors and b) outdoors. Data is expressed as mean ± SE. Different letters indicate significant differences between the treatments at p ˂ 0.05.
![Figure 4. Activity of catalase (CAT) in the hoverfly larvae of Eristalis tenax exposed to imidacloprid contaminated substrate for 3, 7 and 14 days, a) indoors and b) outdoors. Data is expressed as mean ± SE. Different letters indicate significant differences between the treatments at p ˂ 0.05.](/cms/asset/c5de3635-9006-457e-8280-015c286eb0c1/lesb_a_2343598_f0004_b.jpg)
Table 1. Published chronic imidacloprid median lethal (LC50) and effective (EC50) concentrations (mg L−1) for the Diptera species tested in the present and previous studies.
Data availability statement
The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.